{ "schema_version": "0.6.0", "bank_version": "0.6.0", "level": "E", "release_status": "complete_fixed_practice_bank_editorially_reviewed_not_empirically_calibrated", "text_count": 20, "target_text_count": 20, "questions_per_text": 7, "question_count": 140, "items": [ { "id": "E-S01", "level": "E", "order": 1, "title": "A Library of Things", "text_type": "fictional community feature", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S01-P1", "number": 1, "text": "A library usually lends books, but the library in the fictional town of Westbridge has started lending objects as well. Residents can borrow a small camera, a sewing machine or a set of tools for a week. The idea came from librarian Maya Ross, who noticed that people sometimes bought expensive equipment for a single job. They then left it in a cupboard for months. She wanted residents to have access to useful objects without having to own them. The new service uses a room that was previously used for storing old newspapers." }, { "id": "E-S01-P2", "number": 2, "text": "Before opening the service, Ross asked residents which objects they needed. Many requested tools, while several wanted equipment for creative activities. The library bought a few items and accepted donations of others. However, every donated object had to be checked before it could be lent. This rule meant that some donations were refused even when they looked new. Ross also prepared short instruction cards. People could read these at home instead of trying to remember everything a librarian had explained at the desk." }, { "id": "E-S01-P3", "number": 3, "text": "The first month brought an unexpected difficulty. Some borrowers returned objects on time but forgot small parts, such as a camera's charging cable. The objects could not be lent again until the missing parts arrived. To reduce this problem, staff began putting a photograph of all the parts inside each box. Borrowers were asked to compare the contents with the photograph before returning the box. The photograph did not show them how to use the object; it helped them check that nothing was missing." }, { "id": "E-S01-P4", "number": 4, "text": "The service is still small, and it has not made buying equipment unnecessary. An object that someone needs every day may be better to own. Nevertheless, Ross believes borrowing is a useful choice for occasional tasks. One resident used a sewing machine to shorten curtains and then returned it, leaving space in her home for other things. The library now plans to add a second sewing machine because the first is often booked. It will not add every object residents suggest: storage space and staff time remain limited." } ], "word_count": 348, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S01-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What do we learn from paragraph I about the new service?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P1", "target": "E-S01-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P1", "quote": "She wanted residents to have access to useful objects without having to own them." } ], "primary_skill": "task", "hint_en": "Use the stated location and check the exact task before answering.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "The paragraph describes a purpose, not advice for choosing equipment.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "Positive language does not answer what is learned about this service.", "primary_trap_id": 5, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "Savings are not measured or reported.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "How to choose the best camera.", "B": "Why libraries are the most wonderful places in a town.", "C": "Why Ross wanted to introduce it.", "D": "How much money each resident has saved." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 2, 5, 10 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S01-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. Ross noticed that some people bought equipment even though they _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P1", "target": "E-S01-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P1", "quote": "people sometimes bought expensive equipment for a single job" } ], "primary_skill": "completion", "hint_en": "Use the stated location and check the exact task before answering.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "wanted to support local shops", "explanation_en": "A possible motive is not the reason stated in the paragraph.", "trap_id": 14, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" }, { "example_wrong_response": "needed it every day", "explanation_en": "The phrase fits grammatically but contradicts occasional use.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "needed it for only one job" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "used it only once", "needed it for a single task" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "needed it for only one job" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Do not accept that they could not afford it, needed it daily, or were required to buy it.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 14, 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S01-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What had to happen before a donated object could be lent? Base your answer on paragraph II.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P2", "target": "E-S01-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P2", "quote": "every donated object had to be checked before it could be lent" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Use the stated location and check the exact task before answering.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "The check comes before lending, not after.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Appearance was not sufficient; some new-looking donations were refused.", "primary_trap_id": 6, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "Photographs are introduced in paragraph III, not the donation procedure in paragraph II.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "It had to be checked.", "B": "It had to be borrowed once.", "C": "It only had to look new.", "D": "It had to be photographed with its parts." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 6, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S01-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph II.", "stem": "Why did Ross prepare instruction cards?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P2", "target": "E-S01-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P2", "quote": "People could read these at home instead of trying to remember everything a librarian had explained at the desk." } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Use the stated location and check the exact task before answering.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "So borrowers could read the instructions at home rather than remember all the desk explanation." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "To help borrowers use the objects without remembering everything staff had said.", "So they could check the instructions at home." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "So borrowers could read the instructions at home rather than remember all the desk explanation." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Do not accept choosing objects, checking missing parts, or proving all donations worked.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S01-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. When a borrower forgot a small part, the library could not _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P3", "target": "E-S01-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P3", "quote": "The objects could not be lent again until the missing parts arrived." } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Use the stated location and check the exact task before answering.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "lend any equipment again", "explanation_en": "The effect concerns the incomplete object, not the entire service.", "trap_id": 11, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "lend that object again until the part was returned" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "lend the object to another borrower until the missing part arrived" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "lend that object again until the part was returned" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Do not accept lend any object, accept future donations, or show how the object worked.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S01-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does paragraph IV tell us about the library's future plans?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P4", "target": "E-S01-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P4", "quote": "The library now plans to add a second sewing machine because the first is often booked." }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P4", "quote": "It will not add every object residents suggest: storage space and staff time remain limited." } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Use the stated location and check the exact task before answering.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Borrowing is an option for occasional use, not a ban on ownership.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "A future plan is presented as a completed action.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The paragraph explicitly limits expansion.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "It intends to stop residents from buying equipment.", "B": "It plans to add equipment while considering its limits.", "C": "It has already bought a second sewing machine.", "D": "It will provide every object that anyone requests." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S01-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which statement best summarizes the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P1", "quote": "She wanted residents to have access to useful objects without having to own them." }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P3", "quote": "To reduce this problem, staff began putting a photograph of all the parts inside each box." }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S01-P4", "quote": "storage space and staff time remain limited" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Use the stated location and check the exact task before answering.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "This is one practical detail, not the whole text.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The text provides neither the prediction nor the universal claim.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "Daily use may make ownership preferable.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "A library offers useful equipment for occasional use and develops ways to manage the service.", "B": "A photograph can remind people to return a charging cable.", "C": "Libraries will soon replace all shops selling tools.", "D": "Borrowing equipment is always better than owning it." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S02", "level": "E", "order": 2, "title": "A School Podcast with Captions", "text_type": "fictional school media feature", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S02-P1", "number": 1, "text": "At Cedar School, a fictional school, a student podcast is available in two forms. Listeners can play the sound recording or watch a video showing the same words as captions. A caption is a line of text that appears while someone is speaking. The podcast includes short interviews about school activities, rather than lessons or homework instructions. Its editor, Dana, wanted students to be able to follow an interview even when they could not listen to it. Both forms contain the same interview, and neither is described as the better choice." }, { "id": "E-S02-P2", "number": 2, "text": "The captioned version was first requested by a student who had difficulty hearing. Later, other students found it useful on noisy buses. These students could read the interview without turning up the sound. Dana initially thought a computer could produce the final captions without help. However, the program sometimes confused a person's name with an ordinary word. Two students now check the text against the recording before the video is released. They correct mistakes in the captions; they do not rewrite the speaker's ideas." }, { "id": "E-S02-P3", "number": 3, "text": "Preparing captions takes time, so the team publishes one interview every two weeks instead of every week. It has also reduced the number of background sounds. A door closing during an interview may seem unimportant to a listener, but it can make a word difficult to hear clearly. Interviews are therefore recorded in a small room away from the busy hall. The team still leaves natural pauses in the recording. These give readers time to finish one caption before the next one appears, without changing the meaning of the interview." }, { "id": "E-S02-P4", "number": 4, "text": "Students have suggested adding pictures to explain unfamiliar activities. Dana likes the idea but wants to keep the screen easy to follow. A picture should help explain the interview, not cover the captions. For now, the team is trying one simple picture in each video. Some listeners continue to choose sound alone because they enjoy podcasts while walking. Dana sees their choice as reasonable. The project is about offering different ways to use the same material, not persuading everybody to watch a screen." } ], "word_count": 348, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S02-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why did Dana want a captioned version? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P1", "target": "E-S02-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P1", "quote": "even when they could not listen to it" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Educational media can help learning in general, but this purpose is not stated.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "This answers a different instructional task.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The interviews concern activities and do not replace lessons.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "To improve students' examination marks.", "B": "To make interviews accessible without listening.", "C": "To teach students how to conduct an interview.", "D": "To replace every school lesson." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 7, 10 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S02-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "What is the podcast about?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P1", "target": "E-S02-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P1", "quote": "short interviews about school activities" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "Podcasts.", "explanation_en": "This repeats the medium instead of the requested subject.", "trap_id": 3, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "School activities." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Activities at the school." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "School activities." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject lessons, homework instructions and an explanation of captions.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 3 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S02-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Who does \"These students\" refer to in paragraph II?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P2", "target": "E-S02-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P2", "quote": "other students found it useful on noisy buses. These students could read the interview" } ], "primary_skill": "reference", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "Only the group described on buses is identified.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "They are not the preceding referent.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The phrase refers to the preceding bus users.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Students using captions on noisy buses.", "B": "All students at the school.", "C": "The people interviewed on the podcast.", "D": "The two students checking the text." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 9, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "reference", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S02-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 2.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. The team checks computer captions because the program sometimes _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P2", "target": "E-S02-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P2", "quote": "the program sometimes confused a person's name with an ordinary word" } ], "primary_skill": "completion", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "leaves out pauses between captions", "explanation_en": "This fits grammatically but the stated reason is mistakes in names.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "confuses a person's name with an ordinary word" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "gets names wrong", "makes mistakes with names" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "confuses a person's name with an ordinary word" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject deliberately changes ideas or removes all names.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S02-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What was one result of preparing captions? (Paragraph III)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P3", "target": "E-S02-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P3", "quote": "one interview every two weeks instead of every week" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "This assigns the new schedule to the earlier period.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The text says caption preparation caused a less frequent schedule, not the reverse.", "primary_trap_id": 4, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "Pictures are discussed in paragraph IV, not here.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Interviews are published less often.", "B": "Interviews were published every two weeks before captions were added.", "C": "Preparing captions began because the team was publishing less often.", "D": "More pictures were added to every interview." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 4, 12, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "task", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S02-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 4.", "stem": "Why do some students still choose sound alone?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P4", "target": "E-S02-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P4", "quote": "they enjoy podcasts while walking" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "They enjoy listening while walking." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "They can listen as they walk." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "They enjoy listening while walking." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject inability to read or dislike of all pictures.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S02-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What is the main purpose of the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P1", "quote": "Both forms contain the same interview" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S02-P4", "quote": "offering different ways to use the same material" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "No form is described as better.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "This is one production detail.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "Emotional praise lacks textual support.", "primary_trap_id": 5, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "To prove that watching is better than listening.", "B": "To describe how a podcast offers different ways to follow the same interviews.", "C": "To explain only how doors affect recordings.", "D": "To praise the most inspiring school in the country." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 5, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S03", "level": "E", "order": 3, "title": "The Returnable Cup Deposit", "text_type": "fictional explanatory process", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S03-P1", "number": 1, "text": "At the fictional Bay Market, customers can choose a reusable cup when they buy a drink. They pay a small deposit in addition to the price of the drink. This extra money is returned when they bring the cup back to any participating stall. Customers do not have to return to the stall where they bought their drink. The scheme is intended to reduce the number of cups thrown away after a single use. It does not offer free drinks, and customers can still bring a clean cup of their own. Signs at the entrance explain both choices before people join a queue." }, { "id": "E-S03-P2", "number": 2, "text": "After a cup is returned, a worker places it in a closed box marked 'used cups'. These cups are taken to a kitchen, where they are washed and checked. Only then are they delivered to the stalls again. Returning a cup is therefore different from making it immediately ready for another customer. At first, some stall owners worried about having to keep dirty cups near food. The closed boxes allow the cups to be collected without mixing them with clean ones. Workers empty the boxes several times during the market day, not only at closing time." }, { "id": "E-S03-P3", "number": 3, "text": "The system also creates practical costs. The market must pay for washing and arrange transport between the kitchen and the stalls. A missing cup has to be replaced, so a deposit that is not claimed helps cover that cost. It is not counted as payment for washing every returned cup. On busy days, customers may wait briefly to get their deposits back. Market manager Eli has proposed a separate return desk to shorten these queues, but the desk has not opened yet. He will decide after comparing the space it would need with the space available for sellers. The market has not announced that reusable cups will be compulsory. Customers can continue to choose another option when buying a drink. Eli wants the process to be clear and convenient enough for people to choose it." } ], "word_count": 334, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S03-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What can a customer do to get the deposit back? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P1", "target": "E-S03-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P1", "quote": "bring the cup back to any participating stall" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "A purchase is not the stated condition.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "Any participating stall is allowed.", "primary_trap_id": 6, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "General recycling knowledge does not describe this deposit system.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Buy a second drink at the same stall.", "B": "Return only to the original stall.", "C": "Return the cup to a participating stall.", "D": "Put the cup into a street recycling bin." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 6 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S03-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 1.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. The deposit is extra money paid _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P1", "target": "E-S03-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P1", "quote": "in addition to the price of the drink" } ], "primary_skill": "completion", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "instead of paying for the drink", "explanation_en": "The completion fits grammatically but changes the payment relation.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "in addition to the drink price" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "as well as the price of the drink" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "in addition to the drink price" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject instead of the drink price or for a free drink.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S03-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give TWO different answers from paragraph 2.", "stem": "Give TWO things done to cups in the kitchen.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P2", "target": "E-S03-P2", "required_answers": 2, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P2", "quote": "they are washed and checked" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "They are washed.", "They are checked." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Cleaned.", "Inspected." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "They are washed.", "They are checked." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": true, "reject": "Require washing and checking, not two ways of saying washing. Reject delivery as a kitchen action.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 2 }, { "id": "E-S03-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "When do cups return to the stalls? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P2", "target": "E-S03-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P2", "quote": "they are washed and checked. Only then are they delivered to the stalls again." } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "A returned cup is not immediately ready.", "primary_trap_id": 6, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "That proposal is in paragraph III, not this process.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "This reverses the process.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "As soon as a customer returns one.", "B": "When a separate return desk opens.", "C": "After washing and checking.", "D": "Before they are washed." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 6, 12, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S03-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "According to paragraph III, what does an unclaimed deposit help pay for?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P3", "target": "E-S03-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P3", "quote": "A missing cup has to be replaced, so a deposit that is not claimed helps cover that cost." } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "Helping cover a cost is strengthened into paying it entirely; the text does not establish full coverage.", "primary_trap_id": 8, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Drink purchases are not this cost.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The desk is a proposal, not an open facility.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Helping pay for a replacement cup.", "B": "Paying the entire cost of replacing missing cups.", "C": "Every drink sold at the market.", "D": "Building the return desk which is already open." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 8, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S03-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 3.", "stem": "Why has Eli proposed a separate return desk?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P3", "target": "E-S03-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P3", "quote": "a separate return desk to shorten these queues" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "To shorten the queues for getting deposits back." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "To reduce waiting when returning cups." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "To shorten the queues for getting deposits back." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject because the desk has already increased sales.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "cause" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S03-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which title best fits the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P1", "quote": "This extra money is returned when they bring the cup back" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P2", "quote": "where they are washed and checked" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S03-P3", "quote": "The system also creates practical costs." } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "This covers only a processing detail.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The text does not establish a universal change.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "No drink-price comparison is made.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "A Kitchen with Closed Boxes", "B": "The End of All Disposable Cups", "C": "How a Market Cup Deposit Works", "D": "The Cheapest Drinks in Town" }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 2, 7, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S04", "level": "E", "order": 4, "title": "The Night Bus Notice", "text_type": "fictional information-design account", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S04-P1", "number": 1, "text": "A notice at a bus stop can contain the right information and still be misunderstood. In the fictional town of Pineford, a new night bus leaves the station at ten minutes past midnight on Saturday. On the first notice, this appeared under the heading 'Saturday service'. Several passengers read the heading but missed the time. They arrived on Saturday evening, almost a day after that week's bus had left. The transport office had received complaints before anyone suggested changing the notice. Staff checked the timetable and found that the departure time itself was correct." }, { "id": "E-S04-P2", "number": 2, "text": "The office then prepared a different notice. It kept the official Saturday date, but added the words 'late Friday night' beside the departure time. A small calendar picture showed the change from Friday to Saturday. The picture was not a map of the bus route. Staff asked a group of passengers to explain when they would arrive after reading the new notice. They used the passengers' answers to identify wording that was still unclear. They were checking whether people understood the notice, rather than asking whether they liked its colours or whether they used buses frequently." }, { "id": "E-S04-P3", "number": 3, "text": "One passenger, Lea, preferred a sentence to the calendar picture. She said that pictures could be useful, but that this one required too much attention. Another passenger liked having both. These comments led the office to keep the short sentence and use a simpler picture. The departure time was printed in larger letters, while information about ticket prices appeared below it. Lea did not ask the office to change the actual bus schedule. Her concern was that someone reading quickly might see the date without understanding which night it meant." }, { "id": "E-S04-P4", "number": 4, "text": "The new notice is now at the station. A staff member will also check notices for other services that leave soon after midnight. Those services have not changed their departure times. Pineford has not reported how many missed journeys the new wording has prevented, so the office cannot yet say that confusion has disappeared. It can say that the notice now explains the date in two ways. Passengers who need more information can still call the office. Clearer writing is meant to support that existing service, rather than replace every opportunity to ask a question." } ], "word_count": 375, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S04-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "When did some passengers mistakenly arrive?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P1", "target": "E-S04-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P1", "quote": "They arrived on Saturday evening" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "On Saturday evening." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Saturday night, before the following midnight." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "On Saturday evening." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject late Friday night or just Saturday without the evening distinction.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S04-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What happened before the notice was changed? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P1", "target": "E-S04-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P1", "quote": "received complaints before anyone suggested changing the notice" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "The picture belongs to a later stage.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Only several passengers are described.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The time itself was correct.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "The office received complaints.", "B": "The simpler calendar picture was displayed.", "C": "Every passenger missed the bus.", "D": "The office changed the bus departure time." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S04-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why did staff ask passengers to explain when they would arrive? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P2", "target": "E-S04-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P2", "quote": "identify wording that was still unclear" } ], "primary_skill": "task", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Colour preference is explicitly distinguished.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "This answers a different survey question.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "A general transport claim is not a stated purpose.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "To find out whether they preferred the colours.", "B": "To learn how often they travelled by bus.", "C": "To make bus travel safer than driving.", "D": "To check their understanding of the notice." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 10 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S04-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 2.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. \"Late Friday night\" was added to help readers understand _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P2", "target": "E-S04-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P2", "quote": "added the words 'late Friday night' beside the departure time" } ], "primary_skill": "completion", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "why the bus is cheaper", "explanation_en": "A plausible purpose is not established.", "trap_id": 14, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "which night the Saturday departure meant" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "that the bus leaves just after Friday ends" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "which night the Saturday departure meant" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject a new bus route or lower ticket prices.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 14 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S04-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What did Lea want? (Paragraph III)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P3", "target": "E-S04-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P3", "quote": "see the date without understanding which night it meant" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "This names the broad topic instead of her specific concern.", "primary_trap_id": 3, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "That service is in paragraph IV, outside this target.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "She did not request a schedule change.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Information about the bus service in general.", "B": "A telephone number for the office.", "C": "An earlier departure for the bus.", "D": "A clearer explanation of the departure night." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 3, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S04-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 4.", "stem": "Why can the office not yet say that confusion has disappeared?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P4", "target": "E-S04-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P4", "quote": "has not reported how many missed journeys the new wording has prevented" } ], "primary_skill": "evidence", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "It has not reported how many missed journeys the wording prevented." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "There is no reported count showing its effect on missed journeys." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "It has not reported how many missed journeys the wording prevented." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject because every passenger still misunderstands it.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S04-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does the whole text mainly describe?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P1", "quote": "contain the right information and still be misunderstood" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P2", "quote": "added the words 'late Friday night'" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S04-P4", "quote": "explains the date in two ways" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Lea discusses wording, not prices.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "No such recommendation is made.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "This extends the result far beyond the text.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "How one passenger chooses ticket prices", "B": "How a bus notice was rewritten to make its departure night clearer.", "C": "Why night buses should stop operating", "D": "How a new notice ended every travel problem" }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S05", "level": "E", "order": 5, "title": "A Repair Manual Written by Students", "text_type": "fictional procedural feature", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S05-P1", "number": 1, "text": "A broken classroom chair is not always ready for the rubbish bin. At the fictional Hill School, students are writing a short manual about checking damaged furniture. Their first example is a chair with a loose screw. The manual shows how a teacher can decide whether it needs a simple repair or a professional check. Children must not use tools unsupervised. The students collect clear information so that staff can make safer decisions about ordinary objects." }, { "id": "E-S05-P2", "number": 2, "text": "Before writing instructions, the students watched the school caretaker examine several chairs. He tested each chair on a flat floor before checking its screws. A chair that shakes may have an uneven leg, so tightening a screw will not necessarily solve the problem. The students had assumed that every shaking chair had the same fault. Seeing different faults helped them replace that assumption with a series of checks. They asked him to check their notes." }, { "id": "E-S05-P3", "number": 3, "text": "The first draft contained photographs and short sentences. However, one sentence said 'turn it until it is tight' beside a photograph showing both a tool and a screw. Here, 'it' meant the screw, but a reader could easily misunderstand the reference. The students replaced the pronoun with 'the screw'. They also put a warning before the repair steps, not at the end. A reader should know when to stop before beginning, especially if the chair has a cracked leg." }, { "id": "E-S05-P4", "number": 4, "text": "Two teachers tried reading the revised instructions without the students beside them. One found the first photograph helpful, while the other wanted a closer view. The team therefore added a second photograph rather than removing the first. Both teachers understood the warning that a cracked leg needed a professional check. The test showed that some instructions helped those readers. It did not show that the manual would suit every kind of furniture or every person who might read it." }, { "id": "E-S05-P5", "number": 5, "text": "The finished chair section will be kept in the staff room. Students have started collecting notes for a section about tables, but that section is not finished. The caretaker will check it before it is added. The project has taught the team that a repair guide must explain the checks as clearly as the repair itself. A short instruction can be useful, but only when the reader knows which object it concerns and when that instruction should not be followed." } ], "word_count": 389, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S05-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What is the manual intended to help staff do? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P1", "target": "E-S05-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P1", "quote": "make safer decisions about ordinary objects" } ], "primary_skill": "task", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "This names the topic instead of the requested practical purpose.", "primary_trap_id": 3, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "No purchasing advice is given.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The text explicitly excludes unsupervised tool use.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Learn about furniture in general.", "B": "Buy the cheapest new chairs.", "C": "Teach all children to repair chairs alone.", "D": "Decide how damaged furniture should be checked or repaired." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 3, 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S05-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "Give ONE example of damage mentioned in paragraph I.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P1", "target": "E-S05-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P1", "quote": "a chair with a loose screw" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "A cracked leg.", "explanation_en": "This is outside the specified paragraph.", "trap_id": 12, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "A loose screw." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "A chair whose screw is loose." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "A loose screw." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject cracked leg, which appears in paragraph III, or a broken table.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S05-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why did the students change their assumption? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P2", "target": "E-S05-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P2", "quote": "Seeing different faults helped them replace that assumption" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "This reverses the relationship.", "primary_trap_id": 4, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "No universal claim about old furniture is supported.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The observation and checks preceded the instructions.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Changing their assumption made the chairs develop different faults.", "B": "They learned that old furniture is always dangerous.", "C": "They tightened all screws before examining any chairs.", "D": "They saw that shaking chairs could have different faults." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 4, 7, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "precision", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S05-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What did \"it\" mean in the first draft? (Paragraph III)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P3", "target": "E-S05-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P3", "quote": "Here, 'it' meant the screw" } ], "primary_skill": "reference", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "The text identifies the screw as the intended referent.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The crack warning concerns a different object.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The photograph is not what should be turned.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "The tool.", "B": "The chair leg.", "C": "The photograph.", "D": "The screw." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 9 ], "training_families_present": [ "reference" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S05-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 4.", "stem": "Why did the team add a second photograph?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P4", "target": "E-S05-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P4", "quote": "the other wanted a closer view" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "One teacher wanted a closer view." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "To provide the closer view a teacher requested." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "One teacher wanted a closer view." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject proof that the first photograph was useless.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "cause" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S05-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 5.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. The table section will be added only after _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P5", "target": "E-S05-P5", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P5", "quote": "The caretaker will check it before it is added" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 5 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "every chair has been repaired", "explanation_en": "This condition is not in the text.", "trap_id": 14, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "the caretaker checks it" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "it is checked by the caretaker" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "the caretaker checks it" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject it has already been added or any student finishes reading it.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 14 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S05-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which statement best summarizes the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P2", "quote": "a series of checks" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P3", "quote": "replaced the pronoun with 'the screw'" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S05-P5", "quote": "explain the checks as clearly as the repair itself" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Both sentences and photographs are used.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The guide has limits and is not for every fault.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The text concerns developing instructions and checks.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Photographs make written instructions unnecessary", "B": "Students prove that all furniture can be repaired", "C": "Students develop a repair guide with clear checks, references and limits.", "D": "A caretaker repairs one screw without explaining it" }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S06", "level": "E", "order": 6, "title": "The Museum's Copy Collection", "text_type": "fictional museum comparison", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S06-P1", "number": 1, "text": "Please touch the bowl. That unusual invitation appears in a new room at the fictional North Museum. The bowl looks like an old object displayed elsewhere in the building, but it is a modern copy. Visitors may pick it up and feel its weight. The original remains behind glass. Curator Sam explains that the copy and the original have different purposes. One gives visitors a chance to explore an object's shape through touch; the other is preserved as evidence of the past. The museum tells visitors clearly which objects are copies." }, { "id": "E-S06-P2", "number": 2, "text": "The copy room contains bowls, tools and small pieces of decoration. Before making a copy, the team measures the original and photographs it from several sides. A maker then uses these measurements to reproduce its shape. However, the team does not always use the original material. A fragile surface may be replaced by a stronger one so the copy can be handled often. This means that a copy can show how an object fits in a hand without showing exactly how its original surface felt. The label explains this difference rather than hiding it." }, { "id": "E-S06-P3", "number": 3, "text": "Visitors respond in different ways. Noor, a student, says she had not understood how heavy a particular tool was until she lifted its copy. Another visitor prefers looking closely at the original because marks on its surface interest him. Neither visitor has to choose only one room. A guide can show a group the original first and then take them to the copies. This order helps visitors connect what they see behind glass with what they feel in their hands. The copy room is included in the ordinary museum ticket." }, { "id": "E-S06-P4", "number": 4, "text": "The museum will keep both collections. Copies are checked regularly for damage and replaced when necessary. Originals are protected from frequent handling, which could damage them. Sam wants to add a copy of a larger object next year, but only if it can be used safely in the available space. He does not expect copies to replace the historical collection. A new object can help explain an old one, yet it does not acquire the same history simply because it has the same shape. The two rooms offer related experiences without making identical claims." } ], "word_count": 369, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S06-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What is the purpose of the copy mentioned in paragraph I?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P1", "target": "E-S06-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P1", "quote": "explore an object's shape through touch" } ], "primary_skill": "task", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Appealing praise does not establish this purpose.", "primary_trap_id": 5, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "A copy reproduces a shape but is not the historical original.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "That is a different task from exploring its shape.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "To make the museum the most exciting place anywhere.", "B": "To let visitors explore its shape by touching it.", "C": "To provide an original object from the past.", "D": "To teach visitors how to make a bowl." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 5, 10 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S06-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "Where is the original bowl kept?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P1", "target": "E-S06-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P1", "quote": "The original remains behind glass." } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "Behind glass." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "In a glass display." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "Behind glass." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject in the copy room or in a visitor's hand.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S06-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give TWO different answers from paragraph 2.", "stem": "Give TWO things the team does before making a copy.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P2", "target": "E-S06-P2", "required_answers": 2, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P2", "quote": "the team measures the original and photographs it from several sides" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "Measures the original.", "Photographs it from several sides." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Takes measurements.", "Takes photographs from different angles." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "Measures the original.", "Photographs it from several sides." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": true, "reject": "Require measurement and photography, not two descriptions of photography.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 2 }, { "id": "E-S06-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which statement about materials is supported by paragraph II?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P2", "target": "E-S06-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P2", "quote": "the team does not always use the original material" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "That information is in paragraph III.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The stronger material belongs to the copy.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "This replaces a qualified statement with a universal claim.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Copies are included in the ordinary ticket.", "B": "Some copies use a different material.", "C": "A stronger material makes the original surface stronger.", "D": "Every copy uses the original material." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S06-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does \"This order\" refer to in paragraph III?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P3", "target": "E-S06-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P3", "quote": "show a group the original first and then take them to the copies" } ], "primary_skill": "reference", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Ticket purchase is not the referent.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The sequence is reversed.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "No such order is described.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Buying a ticket after using both rooms.", "B": "Handling a copy before seeing the original.", "C": "Seeing the original before handling a copy.", "D": "Replacing a damaged copy with an original." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 9, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "reference", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S06-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 4.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. Frequent handling of originals is limited because it could _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P4", "target": "E-S06-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P4", "quote": "frequent handling, which could damage them" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "make copies unnecessary", "explanation_en": "A possible-sounding conclusion is not the stated effect.", "trap_id": 14, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "damage them" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "harm the original objects" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "damage them" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject make them modern copies or increase their weight.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 14 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S06-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which statement best summarizes the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P1", "quote": "different purposes" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S06-P4", "quote": "The museum will keep both collections." } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "The museum retains both collections.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The final paragraph distinguishes their histories.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "This is a single example.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "A new collection makes all originals unnecessary", "B": "Every copy has the same history as an original", "C": "Touchable copies and protected originals help visitors in different, related ways.", "D": "One visitor enjoys heavy tools" }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S07", "level": "E", "order": 7, "title": "The Leftover Lunch Shelf", "text_type": "fictional community policy explanation", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S07-P1", "number": 1, "text": "Not every unopened lunch item has to go home with the pupil who brought it. At the fictional River School, a supervised shelf allows pupils to leave certain items for others. A sealed packet of crackers or a whole banana may be accepted. The shelf is intended to avoid wasting suitable food, not to provide a complete lunch for every pupil. It opens for a short period during the lunch break. A teacher stays beside it, and the school has sent families a clear list of items that may be shared." }, { "id": "E-S07-P2", "number": 2, "text": "The rules concern both the food and its packaging. Pupils may leave fruit that is whole and has not been bitten. Packaged items must be unopened and show their ingredients. This information helps the supervising teacher and the pupil taking an item check whether it is suitable. Homemade sandwiches are not accepted because the teacher cannot check exactly what they contain. The rule does not mean that homemade food is bad; it means that this particular sharing system needs information that can be read and checked. Pupils with special food needs follow their family's existing instructions." }, { "id": "E-S07-P3", "number": 3, "text": "The teacher checks an item before it is put on the shelf. Accepted items are arranged in separate sections for fruit and packets. Pupils may take one item at first. If food remains near the end of the break, the teacher may offer a second item. This order gives more pupils a chance to choose something. It is different from allowing the first person to collect everything. Pupils do not have to leave food in order to take some, and the teacher does not record their names or compare what different families have brought." }, { "id": "E-S07-P4", "number": 4, "text": "At the end of the break, unopened packets that can be kept are stored according to the school rules. Fruit that cannot be kept is removed. The shelf is not left open all afternoon. The school will review the arrangement after several weeks, asking whether the rules are easy to follow and whether staff have enough time to supervise it. It has not promised to accept every kind of leftover food. A small sharing scheme depends on clear limits and adult coordination, even when its basic idea seems simple." } ], "word_count": 370, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S07-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "Give ONE item that may be accepted. Use paragraph I.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P1", "target": "E-S07-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P1", "quote": "A sealed packet of crackers or a whole banana may be accepted." } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "An unopened packet of crackers." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "An unopened packet of crackers.", "A whole banana." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "An unopened packet of crackers." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Accept either example, not a bitten fruit or a sandwich.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true, "acceptable_meaning_groups": [ [ "An unopened packet of crackers.", "A whole banana." ] ], "select_any_distinct_groups": 1, "required_meanings_are_sample_key": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S07-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What is the shelf intended to do? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P1", "target": "E-S07-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P1", "quote": "avoid wasting suitable food" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "A complete universal lunch service is explicitly excluded.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "General nutritional benefits are not stated here.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "That is a different task from sharing suitable food.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Provide a full lunch for every pupil.", "B": "Improve every child's health.", "C": "Tell families how to prepare lunch.", "D": "Reduce waste of suitable food." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 7, 10 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S07-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why must packets show their ingredients? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P2", "target": "E-S07-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P2", "quote": "check whether it is suitable" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "This is not the purpose and paragraph III says names are not recorded.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "No price comparison is mentioned.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "Ingredients are for checking food suitability, not deciding queue order.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "So people can check whether the food is suitable.", "B": "So a teacher can record family names.", "C": "So pupils can find the cheapest brands.", "D": "The labels tell them which pupil should be first in the queue." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "cause" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S07-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 2.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. Homemade sandwiches are not accepted because the teacher cannot _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P2", "target": "E-S07-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P2", "quote": "cannot check exactly what they contain" } ], "primary_skill": "completion", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "read the label on a sealed packet", "explanation_en": "The completion is grammatical but replaces an unknown sandwich's contents with a different item.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "check exactly what they contain" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "verify their ingredients" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "check exactly what they contain" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject because all homemade food is harmful.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S07-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 3.", "stem": "When may the teacher offer a second item?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P3", "target": "E-S07-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P3", "quote": "If food remains near the end of the break" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "If food remains near the end of the break." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Near the end, if there is food left." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "If food remains near the end of the break." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Require both timing and remaining food. Reject at the beginning or automatically to everyone.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S07-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What will the school review? (Paragraph IV)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P4", "target": "E-S07-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P4", "quote": "whether the rules are easy to follow and whether staff have enough time" } ], "primary_skill": "task", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Individual family comparisons are not the review.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The school has not promised unlimited acceptance.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "This uses the paragraph II acceptance rule, not the paragraph IV review.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Which pupils brought the best food.", "B": "Whether every kind of food can already be shared.", "C": "Whether packets show ingredients.", "D": "Whether the rules and supervision are practical." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S07-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What is the main idea of the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P1", "quote": "a supervised shelf" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P2", "quote": "information that can be read and checked" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S07-P4", "quote": "clear limits and adult coordination" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "No ranking of food is given.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Storage is one part of the wider arrangement.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The scheme is limited.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Bananas are the best school food", "B": "A school food-sharing shelf uses clear rules and supervision.", "C": "The only issue is where to store packets", "D": "A shelf can replace every family's lunch preparation" }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S08", "level": "E", "order": 8, "title": "A Map of Shaded Streets", "text_type": "fictional local planning proposal", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S08-P1", "number": 1, "text": "Which route would you choose on a hot afternoon: the shortest one, or a slightly longer walk with more shade? A student team in the fictional town of Elmbridge is preparing a map to help pedestrians make that choice. It marks streets where buildings or trees provide shade at particular times. It does not show a single route that everybody must follow. The team began with streets near the school and the library because many people walk between those buildings. The first map covers only that small part of town, rather than pretending to describe every neighbourhood." }, { "id": "E-S08-P2", "number": 2, "text": "Making the map requires more than drawing trees. The students walk each street in the morning and again in the afternoon. They mark the shaded sections and note the time of each visit. A street shaded at one time may be sunny at another, so these notes are important. The team also records whether a path is narrow or includes steps. A shaded street may still be inconvenient for someone pushing a large bag on wheels. The map presents this information beside the shade marks instead of deciding which need matters most for every walker." }, { "id": "E-S08-P3", "number": 3, "text": "One route to the library follows a quiet side street. It has more afternoon shade than the main road, but it is longer and includes steps. Another route follows the main road and has a wider path without steps. It may be easier for someone using wheels, although there are fewer shaded sections. Student Amir initially described the side street as 'the best route'. After discussing the two routes, he changed that phrase to 'the route with more afternoon shade'. The new description says what the team observed without turning one advantage into a general judgment about the whole route." }, { "id": "E-S08-P4", "number": 4, "text": "The map will be available on paper at the library as well as online. A paper copy gives people without a phone a way to use it. The team plans to add another neighbourhood, but only after checking the streets there at different times. It also intends to mark the season of its observations because the shade may change during the year. The map cannot promise that every marked section will be shaded whenever someone visits it. It offers useful, limited information that walkers can combine with their own needs and experience." } ], "word_count": 384, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S08-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why is the team making the map? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P1", "target": "E-S08-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P1", "quote": "help pedestrians make that choice" } ], "primary_skill": "task", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "This health claim relies on outside knowledge and is not stated.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "This is a different instructional task.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The map does not require one route.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "To help walkers choose between routes using shade information.", "B": "To show that shaded walking prevents all illnesses.", "C": "To tell students how to draw attractive maps.", "D": "To give everyone one compulsory route." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 7, 10 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S08-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "Which area does the first map cover?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P1", "target": "E-S08-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P1", "quote": "streets near the school and the library" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "Streets near the school and the library." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "The small area around those two buildings." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "Streets near the school and the library." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject every neighbourhood or only the inside of the library.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "precision" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S08-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give TWO different answers from paragraph 2.", "stem": "Give TWO kinds of path information recorded in addition to shade.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P2", "target": "E-S08-P2", "required_answers": 2, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P2", "quote": "whether a path is narrow or includes steps" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "Whether the path is narrow.", "Whether it includes steps." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Path width.", "The presence of steps." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "Whether the path is narrow.", "Whether it includes steps." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": true, "reject": "Require width and steps, not two versions of width.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 2 }, { "id": "E-S08-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why are the visit times recorded? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P2", "target": "E-S08-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P2", "quote": "A street shaded at one time may be sunny at another" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "The observation does not cause shade.", "primary_trap_id": 4, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The paragraph explains time-dependent shade.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "Paper availability belongs to paragraph IV and is future.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Because shade can change during the day.", "B": "Because recording the time creates more shade.", "C": "Because every street is shaded all day.", "D": "Because a paper map is already at the library." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 4, 7, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S08-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why did Amir change \"the best route\"? (Paragraph III)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P3", "target": "E-S08-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P3", "quote": "without turning one advantage into a general judgment" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "It is described as longer.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The reason concerns a specific overstatement.", "primary_trap_id": 3, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The revision limits the claim; it does not make routes identical.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "He learned that the side street was shorter.", "B": "He wanted to describe walking routes in general.", "C": "It called the route best just because it had more afternoon shade.", "D": "The new wording means both routes have the same shade." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 3 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S08-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 4.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. The team will add another neighbourhood only after _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P4", "target": "E-S08-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P4", "quote": "only after checking the streets there at different times" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "finding more people with phones", "explanation_en": "This condition is not stated.", "trap_id": 14, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "checking its streets at different times" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "it visits those streets at different times" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "checking its streets at different times" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject adding it first or assuming the same shade as the existing area.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 14 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S08-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which title best expresses the main idea of the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P1", "quote": "help pedestrians make that choice" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P3", "quote": "the route with more afternoon shade" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S08-P4", "quote": "combine with their own needs" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "The map offers different options and limits.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The text maps shade rather than arguing for trees everywhere.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "This is a detail within the map project.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "One Perfect Route for Everyone", "B": "Why Every Street Needs More Trees", "C": "A Student Changes One Phrase", "D": "Shade Information to Help Walkers Choose" }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 10, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S09", "level": "E", "order": 9, "title": "Borrowing Concert Clothes", "text_type": "fictional student profile", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S09-P1", "number": 1, "text": "A concert outfit that spends most of the year in a cupboard can still be useful to someone else. At the fictional East Music School, older students lend dark jackets and formal trousers to younger performers. The borrowing cupboard is managed by student pianist Rina. She began it after noticing that some pupils needed formal clothes for only two concerts a year. Their everyday clothes were suitable for lessons but did not meet the concert dress rule. Borrowing gives them another choice besides buying an outfit they will rarely wear. Rina herself still uses her own jacket because it fits her particularly well." }, { "id": "E-S09-P2", "number": 2, "text": "The cupboard does not accept every offered item. Clothes must be clean, in good condition and suitable for the school's concert colours. The team writes the size on a card and puts the item on a numbered hanger. Pupils try clothes on before reserving them, since a size card cannot guarantee a good fit. A jacket may be long enough in the arms but too wide at the shoulders. Rina asks borrowers to move their arms while wearing it, because comfortable movement matters to a musician as much as appearance does." }, { "id": "E-S09-P3", "number": 3, "text": "Before the winter concert, violinist Ben borrowed a jacket that fitted comfortably. He paid nothing to borrow it but agreed to return it clean within three days of the concert. He also bought his own plain shirt, which he expected to use more often. Ben says the borrowed jacket reduced his need to buy a complete outfit. He does not say that the cupboard supplied every piece of clothing he needed. When another pupil asked for the same jacket, Rina explained that it was already reserved for that concert." }, { "id": "E-S09-P4", "number": 4, "text": "The cupboard has a limited range of sizes, and some pupils prefer owning clothes they can change themselves. Rina understands that preference. The school is considering collecting more small sizes, but it has not ordered new clothes for every pupil. It first wants to see which sizes are requested most often. The aim is to make an occasional performance easier to prepare for while keeping the concert dress rule. Borrowing and owning can exist together, just as Ben's borrowed jacket and his own shirt were part of the same outfit." } ], "word_count": 373, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S09-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "Why did Rina start the cupboard?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P1", "target": "E-S09-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P1", "quote": "needed formal clothes for only two concerts a year" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "Some pupils needed formal clothes only for occasional concerts." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "To offer an alternative to buying rarely worn concert clothes." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "Some pupils needed formal clothes only for occasional concerts." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject changing the concert colours or banning ownership.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "cause" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S09-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What do we learn about Rina in paragraph I?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P1", "target": "E-S09-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P1", "quote": "still uses her own jacket because it fits her particularly well" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Her own choice shows borrowing is not universal.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "She retains her own jacket.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "This unsupported generalization is outside the text.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "She believes borrowing is always best.", "B": "She lends clothes but still wears her own well-fitting jacket.", "C": "She has stopped owning concert clothes.", "D": "She owns clothes because every musician is wealthy." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S09-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why do pupils try clothes on? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P2", "target": "E-S09-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P2", "quote": "a size card cannot guarantee a good fit" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "Borrowing is the service.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Guarantee is stronger than what the text supports.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The concert sequence is discussed later, not this rule.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "The stated size may not ensure a suitable fit.", "B": "They must buy each item after trying it.", "C": "The size card proves that a jacket is comfortable.", "D": "The winter concert has already finished." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S09-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give TWO different answers from paragraph 2.", "stem": "Give TWO parts of a jacket mentioned when discussing fit.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P2", "target": "E-S09-P2", "required_answers": 2, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P2", "quote": "long enough in the arms but too wide at the shoulders" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "The arms.", "The shoulders." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Sleeves.", "Shoulder area." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "The arms.", "The shoulders." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": true, "reject": "Require arms/sleeves and shoulders, not two words for sleeves.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 2 }, { "id": "E-S09-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does Ben say borrowing changed? (Paragraph III)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P3", "target": "E-S09-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P3", "quote": "reduced his need to buy a complete outfit" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Reduced is changed into removed; Ben still bought his own shirt.", "primary_trap_id": 8, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "He bought his own shirt.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "No rule change is stated.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "It removed his need to buy any concert clothing.", "B": "It removed all his clothing expenses.", "C": "It reduced the amount of clothing he needed to buy.", "D": "It made the school change its dress rule." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 2, 7, 8 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S09-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 4.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. Before collecting more sizes, the school wants to find out _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P4", "target": "E-S09-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P4", "quote": "which sizes are requested most often" } ], "primary_skill": "completion", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "which styles will make every performer look fashionable", "explanation_en": "The grammar fits, but the stated enquiry concerns requested sizes.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "which sizes are requested most often" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "which sizes borrowers need most" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "which sizes are requested most often" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject which pupil owns the most clothes.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S09-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What is the main idea of the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P1", "quote": "another choice besides buying an outfit" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S09-P4", "quote": "Borrowing and owning can exist together" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "The text allows ownership and individual preference.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "This is a supporting example rather than the whole message.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "No musical-skill effect is established.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "A clothing cupboard offers an additional way to prepare for occasional concerts.", "B": "All concert clothing should be borrowed", "C": "One pupil buys a shirt", "D": "Formal jackets make people better musicians" }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 2, 7, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S10", "level": "E", "order": 10, "title": "A Cinema without Phones", "text_type": "fictional contrasting preferences feature", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S10-P1", "number": 1, "text": "Before an evening showing at the fictional Lantern Cinema, an announcement asks viewers to switch off their phones and place them in sealed bags. Viewers keep the bags with them throughout the film. These special sessions are optional and are advertised clearly before tickets are sold. Ordinary sessions continue on other evenings. Cinema manager Jo introduced the choice after customers said that bright phone screens disturbed them. She wanted viewers to enjoy a film without nearby screens appearing in the dark. The sealed bag is a reminder of the rule, not a way for staff to collect people's phones." }, { "id": "E-S10-P2", "number": 2, "text": "Some viewers welcome the arrangement. They say that knowing everyone has followed the same rule makes it easier to focus on the film. Others prefer an ordinary session because they may need to receive a message. Jo does not describe these people as poor film lovers. A parent waiting for news from a babysitter, for example, may reasonably want access to a phone. The cinema therefore explains the rule at booking and offers an ordinary session as an alternative. It is selling a particular viewing experience, not judging why someone chooses a different one." }, { "id": "E-S10-P3", "number": 3, "text": "If a viewer needs to open the bag, they can step into the entrance hall. A staff member there can open it, and the viewer can use the phone away from the screen. Someone who returns to the special session puts the phone back in a sealed bag first. During the film, staff do not walk through the rows looking inside bags. The arrangement depends on a clear procedure and willing viewers. Jo says it would be unhelpful to make such a session a surprise: customers should know what they are choosing before they arrive." }, { "id": "E-S10-P4", "number": 4, "text": "The cinema has held three special sessions so far. It has collected comments but has not compared attendance across a full season. Jo will keep offering the sessions once a month while she considers those comments. She has not announced that every future showing will follow the rule. One enthusiastic viewer called it 'the perfect cinema evening', while another found the bag inconvenient. Those opinions describe individual experiences. They help Jo understand different needs, but they do not establish that one kind of session is right for every member of the audience." } ], "word_count": 380, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S10-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why were special sessions introduced? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P1", "target": "E-S10-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P1", "quote": "bright phone screens disturbed them" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "An outside health claim is not the stated reason.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Viewers keep the sealed bags themselves.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "No attendance comparison is given.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Turning off phones makes every viewer healthier.", "B": "Customers were disturbed by bright phone screens.", "C": "Customers wanted staff to keep their phones.", "D": "The bags had already increased attendance." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 2 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S10-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "What do viewers keep with them during the film?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P1", "target": "E-S10-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P1", "quote": "Viewers keep the bags with them throughout the film." } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "The sealed bags containing their phones." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Their phones inside the sealed bags." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "The sealed bags containing their phones." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject phones handed to staff or empty bags.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S10-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 2.", "stem": "Give ONE reason a viewer might prefer an ordinary session.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P2", "target": "E-S10-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P2", "quote": "they may need to receive a message" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "They may need to receive a message." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "A parent may be waiting for news from a babysitter." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "They may need to receive a message." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject all such viewers dislike films.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S10-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does Jo think about people choosing ordinary sessions? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P2", "target": "E-S10-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P2", "quote": "may reasonably want access to a phone" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "The hall procedure is in paragraph III, not her attitude.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "That judgment is explicitly rejected.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Emotional wording adds unsupported praise.", "primary_trap_id": 5, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "They open bags in the entrance hall.", "B": "They cannot appreciate films.", "C": "They are the happiest customers in the world.", "D": "Their need to use a phone can be reasonable." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 5, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S10-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What must a returning viewer do before re-entering the special session? (Paragraph III)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P3", "target": "E-S10-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P3", "quote": "puts the phone back in a sealed bag first" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "This exceeds the specific session rule.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "No such action is described.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The phone is sealed before returning.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Promise never to receive a message again.", "B": "Give a phone to every other viewer.", "C": "Put the phone in a sealed bag again.", "D": "Use the phone after sitting down." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S10-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 4.", "stem": "Why do the comments not prove that special sessions suit everybody?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P4", "target": "E-S10-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P4", "quote": "Those opinions describe individual experiences." } ], "primary_skill": "evidence", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "They describe individual experiences, not everyone's needs." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Different viewers have different preferences." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "They describe individual experiences, not everyone's needs." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject because no comments were collected.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S10-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which statement best summarizes the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P1", "quote": "These special sessions are optional" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P2", "quote": "an ordinary session as an alternative" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S10-P4", "quote": "different needs" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "No such comparison has been completed.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "A limited option is made universal.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "A procedure is mistaken for the overall subject.", "primary_trap_id": 3, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "The cinema has proved that bags raise ticket sales", "B": "A cinema offers optional phone-free sessions while keeping another choice available.", "C": "Every cinema should ban phones at every showing", "D": "The entrance hall is the main attraction" }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 2, 3, 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S11", "level": "E", "order": 11, "title": "A School Garden during Holidays", "text_type": "fictional responsibility feature", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S11-P1", "number": 1, "text": "When school closes for a holiday, its garden does not close with it. At the fictional Oak School, pupils have planted vegetables in two small beds beside the science room. During term time, garden club members water them on school days. A long summer break requires a different arrangement, because the same pupils will not be there each morning. Teacher Mira has proposed a holiday plan for just one bed. She wants to learn whether a small group can care for it reliably before the school keeps both beds in use throughout future holidays." }, { "id": "E-S11-P2", "number": 2, "text": "The plan gives each volunteer a particular day. An adult opens the gate and remains at the school while the pupil works. Volunteers check the soil before watering rather than adding the same amount of water every time. If the soil is still wet, they record that and leave the watering for another visit. The record helps the next volunteer understand what has been done. It is kept in a notebook in the garden shed, not sent as a public list of pupils' names. Families may decline a holiday turn without losing their child's place in the garden club." }, { "id": "E-S11-P3", "number": 3, "text": "A practice week took place before the holiday. On one day, a volunteer could not come, and her family told Mira in advance. Mira arranged a replacement, so that day's check was still completed. This did not prove that the plan would never fail. It showed why an agreed way to report an absence was needed. Mira added a contact number to the instructions and asked families to tell her early if their plans changed. The group also agreed that a pupil should not enter the garden alone simply because they had missed their assigned turn." }, { "id": "E-S11-P4", "number": 4, "text": "The second bed will be left unplanted over the summer. That choice reduces the amount of work the volunteers must manage during the trial. Mira hopes the first bed will produce vegetables, but a good harvest is not the only thing she will review. She will also ask whether visits happened as arranged and whether families found the plan manageable. The school has not decided to require every pupil to work during holidays. The garden remains a school activity with a limited volunteer arrangement, and the trial's results will guide the next decision." } ], "word_count": 382, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S11-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "How many beds does Mira propose using during the holiday trial?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P1", "target": "E-S11-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P1", "quote": "a holiday plan for just one bed" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "One bed." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Only one of the two beds." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "One bed." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject both beds or all school gardens.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "precision" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S11-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why does Mira begin with a limited plan? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P1", "target": "E-S11-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P1", "quote": "whether a small group can care for it reliably" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "No such claim is made.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The plan is about care, not identity collection.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "This general educational claim is outside the stated reason.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "To prove that vegetables never need water.", "B": "To learn whether the care arrangement is reliable.", "C": "To prepare a public list of every pupil.", "D": "Because gardening always improves exam scores." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 7, 10 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S11-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What should a volunteer do if the soil is still wet? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P2", "target": "E-S11-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P2", "quote": "record that and leave the watering for another visit" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "One wet check does not end the whole plan.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The soil check determines whether watering is needed.", "primary_trap_id": 6, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The replacement example is in paragraph III.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Cancel all later visits.", "B": "Add the usual amount of water anyway.", "C": "Record the wet soil and postpone watering.", "D": "Call for the replacement arranged in the practice week." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 6, 11, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S11-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 2.", "stem": "What does the notebook help the next volunteer know?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P2", "target": "E-S11-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P2", "quote": "understand what has been done" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "What was done on the previous visit." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Whether the soil was checked or watered." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "What was done on the previous visit." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject every family's holiday destination.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S11-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 3.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. Because a family reported an absence in advance, Mira could _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P3", "target": "E-S11-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P3", "quote": "Mira arranged a replacement" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "make sure nobody would ever miss a visit", "explanation_en": "The completion extends one example to a guarantee.", "trap_id": 14, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "arrange a replacement" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "find someone else for the visit" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "arrange a replacement" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject stop all families volunteering.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 14 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S11-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does paragraph IV tell us about the second bed?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P4", "target": "E-S11-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P4", "quote": "left unplanted over the summer" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Leaving it unplanted reduces the work.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "No harvest result is reported.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "A summer decision is not permanent removal.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "It will require the same daily work as a planted bed.", "B": "It has already produced the best harvest.", "C": "It is being permanently removed from the school.", "D": "It will be left unplanted during the trial." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S11-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which statement best summarizes the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P1", "quote": "a holiday plan for just one bed" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P3", "quote": "an agreed way to report an absence" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S11-P4", "quote": "guide the next decision" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "No such guarantee follows.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "This covers only one example.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "Participation is voluntary and limited.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "A notebook guarantees a perfect harvest", "B": "A small holiday garden trial tests a manageable volunteer care plan.", "C": "A pupil misses one garden visit", "D": "Every pupil must garden throughout every holiday" }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 2, 7, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S12", "level": "E", "order": 12, "title": "A Lost-Property Search Board", "text_type": "fictional process account", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S12-P1", "number": 1, "text": "A black bag is a poor description when several black bags are waiting in a lost-property cupboard. At the fictional Park Centre, staff have replaced a public table of found objects with a search board. The board lists general descriptions and the dates on which objects were found. It does not display every detail of each object. Manager Tess wants owners to have enough information to recognise a possible match while keeping some details for a private ownership check. People can read the board during the centre's opening hours, without creating an online account or leaving a public telephone number. The cupboard itself stays behind the reception desk." }, { "id": "E-S12-P2", "number": 2, "text": "A person who thinks an entry describes their property speaks to a receptionist. They are asked to describe a detail that is not on the board, such as a mark inside a bag or the contents of a pencil case. Staff then compare that description with the found object. A general match is only the beginning of the check, not final proof of ownership. For example, the words 'blue umbrella' may attract several enquiries. Knowing about a damaged handle can help distinguish one umbrella from another. Staff do not tell the person the hidden detail first, because that would remove its value as a check." }, { "id": "E-S12-P3", "number": 3, "text": "The new process can still leave uncertainty. When two people describe the same plain object and neither can provide a distinguishing detail, staff do not simply give it to the person who asks first. They follow the centre's existing procedure for uncertain claims. Tess also asks staff to remove a board entry after its object has been returned, so visitors do not keep searching for something that is no longer there. The board has made descriptions more useful, but the centre has not claimed that it will identify every owner. It is one part of a process that combines a public clue, a private description and staff judgment. Objects that remain unclaimed are handled under the centre's normal rules, rather than kept on display forever." } ], "word_count": 338, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S12-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why are some details left off the board? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P1", "target": "E-S12-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P1", "quote": "keeping some details for a private ownership check" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "An attractive appearance is not the stated aim.", "primary_trap_id": 5, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "General clues remain available.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The board does not require public phone numbers.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "To make the cupboard look beautiful.", "B": "To prevent everyone from searching.", "C": "They can be used to check a claimant's ownership.", "D": "To publish every owner's phone number." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 5, 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "evidence", "precision" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S12-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "Where is the cupboard?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P1", "target": "E-S12-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P1", "quote": "behind the reception desk" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "Behind the reception desk." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "At reception, behind the desk." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "Behind the reception desk." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject on the public table or outside the centre.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S12-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 2.", "stem": "Give ONE kind of private detail that staff may ask for.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P2", "target": "E-S12-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P2", "quote": "a mark inside a bag or the contents of a pencil case" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "An identifying mark." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "An identifying mark.", "What is inside the pencil case.", "A damaged umbrella handle." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "An identifying mark." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Accept any private identifying detail stated in paragraph II; not only the publicly listed colour.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true, "acceptable_meaning_groups": [ [ "An identifying mark.", "What is inside the pencil case.", "A damaged umbrella handle." ] ], "select_any_distinct_groups": 1, "required_meanings_are_sample_key": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S12-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does a general match establish? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P2", "target": "E-S12-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P2", "quote": "only the beginning of the check, not final proof of ownership" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Removal follows return in paragraph III.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "One example is made universal.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "A possible match is changed into proof.", "primary_trap_id": 8, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "That the board entry has already been removed.", "B": "That every blue umbrella has a damaged handle.", "C": "That the person definitely owns the object.", "D": "That the object may be the one being sought." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 8, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S12-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 3.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. After returning an object, staff should remove its entry so visitors do not _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P3", "target": "E-S12-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P3", "quote": "keep searching for something that is no longer there" } ], "primary_skill": "completion", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "describe the object's condition", "explanation_en": "This fits the grammar but is not the purpose of removing a returned-object entry.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "keep searching for an object that is no longer there" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "look for an already returned object" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "keep searching for an object that is no longer there" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject describe the hidden detail or enter the centre.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S12-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What happens if ownership remains uncertain? (Paragraph III)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P3", "target": "E-S12-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P3", "quote": "follow the centre's existing procedure for uncertain claims" } ], "primary_skill": "task", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "No destruction rule is described.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The process includes staff judgment.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The paragraph explicitly rejects that method.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Every uncertain object is immediately destroyed.", "B": "Staff follow the existing procedure.", "C": "The board decides ownership without staff.", "D": "The first person to ask always gets it." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S12-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What is the whole text mainly about?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P1", "quote": "a search board" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P2", "quote": "compare that description with the found object" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S12-P3", "quote": "public clue, a private description and staff judgment" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "No quality comparison is made.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The process has limits and staff involvement.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "General description is insufficient.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Why black bags are better than other bags", "B": "A system that finds every owner automatically", "C": "A search board and private checks help staff handle lost-property claims.", "D": "How to prove ownership from colour alone" }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 2, 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S13", "level": "E", "order": 13, "title": "A Sports Club Equipment Swap", "text_type": "fictional comparison feature", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S13-P1", "number": 1, "text": "A pair of sports shoes can be in good condition and still be useless to its owner if they no longer fit. That is the starting point of a swap day at the fictional South Club. Members can offer sports equipment they no longer use and look for something suitable in return. Organiser Gal has invited families to bring shoes, rackets and protective equipment. The event is not a sale, and no prices are attached. Gal hopes useful equipment will continue to be used instead of staying in cupboards. Nobody is required to bring an item simply to visit the event." }, { "id": "E-S13-P2", "number": 2, "text": "Before the swap begins, volunteers check the condition of each offered item. They refuse equipment with damage that makes it unsuitable for use. A clean appearance alone is not enough. Accepted items receive cards stating their size or other useful features. However, the card does not guarantee that an item suits a particular player. A young tennis player may prefer a lighter racket even when two rackets are the same length. Gal therefore provides a clear space where visitors can hold rackets and try shoes on before choosing." }, { "id": "E-S13-P3", "number": 3, "text": "The items are grouped by sport and size, not by the age of the person who brought them. This arrangement makes it easier to compare possible choices. Cousins Omer and Lia, for example, are the same age but need different shoe sizes. Omer finds suitable shoes, while Lia leaves without a pair. She does find a racket she can use. The volunteers do not promise that every visitor will find everything they need. An exchange depends on what people have offered and on whether those items match another person's needs." }, { "id": "E-S13-P4", "number": 4, "text": "At the end of the afternoon, owners may take back any items that have not been chosen. They may also allow the club to keep suitable items for a later swap. Gal will note which sizes were most often requested, but that does not mean those sizes will certainly be available next time. He is considering a second event near the start of the next season. Families may still buy equipment when the swap cannot provide an appropriate choice. The club offers another possibility, with condition and fit taking priority over the excitement of getting something different." } ], "word_count": 376, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S13-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What is Gal's main aim? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P1", "target": "E-S13-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P1", "quote": "useful equipment will continue to be used" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "The event is not a sale.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "An outside benefit does not establish the event's stated aim.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The text offers a choice, not a universal requirement.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "To sell the most expensive equipment.", "B": "To keep usable equipment in use.", "C": "To prove that sport makes all children happier.", "D": "To make every family stop buying sports equipment." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "evidence", "precision" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S13-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "Give ONE type of equipment families are invited to bring.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P1", "target": "E-S13-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P1", "quote": "shoes, rackets and protective equipment" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "Sports shoes." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Sports shoes.", "A racket.", "Protective equipment." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "Sports shoes." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Accept one listed category; reject a general topic such as sport.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true, "acceptable_meaning_groups": [ [ "Sports shoes.", "A racket.", "Protective equipment." ] ], "select_any_distinct_groups": 1, "required_meanings_are_sample_key": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S13-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What must happen before an item is accepted? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P2", "target": "E-S13-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P2", "quote": "volunteers check the condition of each offered item" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Clean appearance is insufficient.", "primary_trap_id": 6, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "That choice is described in paragraph IV.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The check precedes selection.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "It must only look clean.", "B": "Volunteers must check its condition.", "C": "Its owner must leave it for a later swap.", "D": "Someone must choose it first." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 6, 12, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S13-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 2.", "stem": "Why might a player choose one of two rackets of the same length?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P2", "target": "E-S13-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P2", "quote": "may prefer a lighter racket" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "One may be lighter and suit the player better." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "The player may prefer the lighter racket." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "One may be lighter and suit the player better." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject same length guarantees same suitability.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "precision" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S13-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 3.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. Omer and Lia need different shoe sizes even though _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P3", "target": "E-S13-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P3", "quote": "are the same age but need different shoe sizes" } ], "primary_skill": "completion", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "they both leave with suitable shoes", "explanation_en": "The completion is grammatical but contradicts Lia's result.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "they are the same age" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "both cousins are the same age" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "they are the same age" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject they have identical feet or both found shoes.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S13-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does Gal's record of requested sizes tell him? (Paragraph IV)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P4", "target": "E-S13-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P4", "quote": "note which sizes were most often requested" } ], "primary_skill": "evidence", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Appealing praise shifts attention away from the actual recorded requests.", "primary_trap_id": 5, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Demand does not establish future supply.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "No such record is described.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Which sizes guarantee a wonderful experience for every visitor.", "B": "Which sizes people asked for most often.", "C": "Which sizes will certainly be offered next time.", "D": "How old the owners of every item are." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 2, 5 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S13-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which statement best summarizes the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P1", "quote": "look for something suitable in return" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P2", "quote": "check the condition" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S13-P4", "quote": "condition and fit taking priority" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "A single illustration does not cover the whole scheme.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "Availability and fit remain limited.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "No universal quality comparison is made.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Two cousins need different shoe sizes", "B": "Every visitor is guaranteed a complete set", "C": "New equipment is always worse than used equipment", "D": "A club swap offers another source of equipment, provided items are usable and suitable." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S14", "level": "E", "order": 14, "title": "A Weather Notice for a Festival", "text_type": "fictional changing-plan information", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S14-P1", "number": 1, "text": "The fictional Brook Festival has printed a notice the evening before it opens. Rain is expected, so the organisers have changed some parts of the plan. The outdoor craft market will move into the community hall. The evening concert will take place in the school theatre rather than on the park stage. A guided park walk is cancelled. The organisers want visitors to know where continuing activities will be. The notice does not say that the entire festival has been cancelled." }, { "id": "E-S14-P2", "number": 2, "text": "Moving an activity indoors also changes practical details. The community hall has fewer spaces for craft stalls than the park, so only sellers who have already confirmed their places will be admitted. They must use the side entrance when bringing boxes. Visitors will enter through the main door. These separate entrances are intended to prevent queues of visitors from blocking sellers carrying equipment. A map beside the notice marks both doors, rather than listing craft items." }, { "id": "E-S14-P3", "number": 3, "text": "Concert ticket holders may use their existing tickets at the theatre. They do not need to buy new ones. However, the theatre opens its doors half an hour before the performance, and the notice asks people to arrive early. There is no free choice of seats: each ticket keeps its original seat number. Organiser Yael says that a move to a different building should not mean selling the same concert twice. She asks visitors to check the new address." }, { "id": "E-S14-P4", "number": 4, "text": "People who bought tickets for the guided walk can request their money back. The walk has not been moved into the theatre, because its purpose was to explore the park. The organisers are considering offering a new walk on another weekend, but no date has been chosen. This possible later event is separate from tomorrow's cancelled activity. The office answers refund questions during usual hours. Refund requests should identify the cancelled walk." }, { "id": "E-S14-P5", "number": 5, "text": "The notice will remain at the festival entrance and will also appear on its website. If the weather changes again, the organisers will update those two places. Visitors should not have to guess which plan is current. Yael knows that some people will be disappointed about the walk, but she wants the information to distinguish clearly between a new location, an unchanged ticket and a cancelled event. Different changes need different actions, even when they all begin with the same weather forecast." } ], "word_count": 390, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S14-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What caused the changes in the festival plan? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P1", "target": "E-S14-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P1", "quote": "Rain is expected" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Only one activity is cancelled.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "That preference is not the stated cause.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "Cause and result are reversed.", "primary_trap_id": 4, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "The whole festival was cancelled.", "B": "Indoor events are always more enjoyable.", "C": "The expected rain.", "D": "The changed locations caused rain to be forecast." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 4, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "evidence", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S14-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "Which activity is cancelled?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P1", "target": "E-S14-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P1", "quote": "A guided park walk is cancelled." } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "The guided park walk." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "The walk through the park." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "The guided park walk." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject the concert or craft market.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S14-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Who should use the side entrance? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P2", "target": "E-S14-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P2", "quote": "They must use the side entrance when bringing boxes." } ], "primary_skill": "reference", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "One entrance rule is expanded to the whole festival.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Visitors use the main door.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The theatre is a separate venue.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Sellers carrying their boxes.", "B": "Everyone attending any festival activity.", "C": "Visitors queuing to enter.", "D": "All concert ticket holders." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "reference", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S14-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 3.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. At the theatre, ticket holders can use _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P3", "target": "E-S14-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P3", "quote": "use their existing tickets at the theatre" } ], "primary_skill": "completion", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "their guided-walk tickets", "explanation_en": "A grammatically suitable phrase selects the wrong ticket.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "their existing concert tickets" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "the tickets they have already bought" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "their existing concert tickets" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject newly purchased tickets as required.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S14-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 4.", "stem": "What has not yet been chosen for the possible new walk?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P4", "target": "E-S14-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P4", "quote": "no date has been chosen" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "A date." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "The date of the later walk." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "A date." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject venue of tomorrow's concert.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S14-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why does Yael want the notice to distinguish different changes? (Paragraph V)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P5", "target": "E-S14-P5", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P5", "quote": "Different changes need different actions" } ], "primary_skill": "task", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 5 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "The concert continues and keeps tickets.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The notice is updated to avoid that.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "This is paragraph III information, not the reason asked here.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Visitors need to respond differently to each change.", "B": "Every activity requires a refund.", "C": "People must decide which version is current by guessing.", "D": "Tickets keep their original seat number." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S14-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which statement best summarizes the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P1", "quote": "changed some parts of the plan" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P3", "quote": "use their existing tickets" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S14-P4", "quote": "request their money back" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "The map identifies entrances.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "Most activities continue indoors.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "No new date has been selected.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "A map lists every craft item on sale", "B": "Rain has ended every festival activity", "C": "A festival explains which events move, which tickets remain valid and which activity is cancelled.", "D": "A cancelled walk is already booked for next weekend" }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S15", "level": "E", "order": 15, "title": "A Reading Club for Bus Passengers", "text_type": "fictional invitation feature", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S15-P1", "number": 1, "text": "A book discussion need not take place around a table. At the fictional Coast Library, librarian Avi has prepared a reading club for people who regularly take a long bus journey. Each month he suggests a short book and provides a card with three questions about it. Passengers read in their own time and can join a discussion at the library if they wish. The bus company is not running lessons on its vehicles. Avi's idea is to connect readers who may share a journey but never find a convenient time for an ordinary weekly club." }, { "id": "E-S15-P2", "number": 2, "text": "The club has no required number of pages per day. One reader may finish quickly, while another reads only a little between stops. Printed cards are available beside the library door, and the same questions can be read on its website. A passenger does not have to own a phone to use them. Avi keeps the questions broad enough to invite different answers, but they still refer to events in the chosen book. He wants discussion rather than a competition over who can finish first. People can borrow the book under the library's ordinary rules." }, { "id": "E-S15-P3", "number": 3, "text": "The first discussion will be on a Sunday afternoon, after the chosen book has been available for a month. Attendance is optional, and people who prefer reading alone can continue without coming. Passengers are welcome to read just for pleasure, without preparing answers to any discussion question. Avi has also placed a comments box in the library for short suggestions about future books. These suggestions will help him choose later titles, although he cannot promise to select every title proposed. The programme has not yet held its first meeting, so there are no attendance results to report. It is an invitation to make reading fit around a journey, with several ways to participate and a clear choice to remain independent. Avi will decide whether to offer another meeting after hearing from the people who use the cards or attend the discussion." } ], "word_count": 332, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S15-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "What does Avi provide in addition to suggesting a book?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P1", "target": "E-S15-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P1", "quote": "a card with three questions about it" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "A card with three questions about the book." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Three discussion questions on a card." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "A card with three questions about the book." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject a bus lesson or weekly compulsory test.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S15-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why is Avi offering this kind of club? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P1", "target": "E-S15-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P1", "quote": "never find a convenient time for an ordinary weekly club" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "A shared journey does not establish loneliness.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "That is a different task.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The bus company is not running lessons.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Every passenger is lonely.", "B": "To tell readers which bus tickets to buy.", "C": "It may suit readers who cannot attend a convenient weekly club.", "D": "Bus companies must teach passengers daily." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 2, 7, 10 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S15-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What do we learn about participation in paragraph II?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P2", "target": "E-S15-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P2", "quote": "no required number of pages per day" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "No daily quota is required.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "Printed cards are available too.", "primary_trap_id": 6, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The meeting is still future in paragraph III.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Everyone must finish the same pages daily.", "B": "Only phone owners can get the questions.", "C": "The first discussion has already taken place.", "D": "Readers can read at different speeds." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 6, 7, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S15-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give TWO different answers from paragraph 2.", "stem": "Give TWO ways to obtain the discussion questions.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P2", "target": "E-S15-P2", "required_answers": 2, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P2", "quote": "Printed cards are available beside the library door, and the same questions can be read on its website." } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "Take a printed card at the library.", "Read them on the website." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Use a paper card.", "Use the library website." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "Take a printed card at the library.", "Read them on the website." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": true, "reject": "Require paper and website, not phone and computer as two versions of the same website.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 2 }, { "id": "E-S15-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 3.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. The programme cannot report meeting attendance yet because _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P3", "target": "E-S15-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P3", "quote": "has not yet held its first meeting" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "all readers have already decided to attend", "explanation_en": "The phrase is grammatical but contradicts the future, optional meeting.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "the first meeting has not taken place" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "no meeting has been held yet" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "the first meeting has not taken place" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject because nobody reads on buses.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S15-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does \"These suggestions\" refer to in paragraph III?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P3", "target": "E-S15-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P3", "quote": "short suggestions about future books. These suggestions" } ], "primary_skill": "reference", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Such requirements do not exist.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "Routes are not the suggestions described.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The immediate referent is future-book suggestions.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Daily page requirements.", "B": "Changes to bus routes.", "C": "The three questions about the current book.", "D": "Ideas about books for future months." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 9 ], "training_families_present": [ "reference" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S15-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What is the main purpose of the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P1", "quote": "a reading club for people who regularly take a long bus journey" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S15-P3", "quote": "several ways to participate" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Participation is voluntary.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "No ranking is made.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "No meeting has taken place yet.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "To announce that every passenger must join", "B": "To rank the best buses for reading", "C": "To report the success of a completed meeting", "D": "To describe a flexible reading-club invitation for bus passengers." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 10, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S16", "level": "E", "order": 16, "title": "A Reusable Exhibition Wall", "text_type": "fictional design explanation", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S16-P1", "number": 1, "text": "When an exhibition ends, its temporary walls are often taken apart. In a fictional design project at the Green Arts Centre, builder Tom has made wall sections that can be used again. Each section has a frame, a plain panel and removable feet. Staff can join several sections to divide a room or use a single section to display photographs. Tom wanted the centre to change its exhibition layout without building a completely new wall each time. His design is intended for indoor exhibitions, not for holding up a building or protecting visitors from outdoor weather." }, { "id": "E-S16-P2", "number": 2, "text": "Taking the sections apart follows a clear order. Staff first remove displayed objects and check that no visitors are near the work area. They then separate the sections and remove the feet. Two people carry each panel to the storage room. The frames and feet are checked before they are stored. This check matters because a damaged connection can make a section unstable when it is used again. Reusing a wall is therefore not simply a matter of keeping all its pieces. The pieces must remain suitable for another safe assembly." }, { "id": "E-S16-P3", "number": 3, "text": "Some parts still need replacing. Paper labels may tear when removed, and a panel with a deep crack cannot be kept in use merely because it belongs to a reusable design. Tom has made the panels replaceable without throwing away the whole frame. During the first exhibition, one panel was scratched while equipment was moved. It was replaced for the next display, while its frame and feet were kept. This example shows how separate parts can have different useful lives. It does not show that the centre can avoid buying new material altogether." }, { "id": "E-S16-P4", "number": 4, "text": "The sections take up less room when separated, but the centre still needs dry storage space. Its manager is considering using the design for a second hall. Before deciding, she will check whether that hall has suitable floor space and whether staff can manage the extra sections. Tom thinks the design offers a practical way to reuse much of a temporary wall while changing its arrangement. He does not claim that every piece can be saved after every exhibition. A reusable system can reduce rebuilding and still include checks, storage and occasional replacement." } ], "word_count": 373, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S16-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does the design allow the centre to do? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P1", "target": "E-S16-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P1", "quote": "change its exhibition layout without building a completely new wall each time" } ], "primary_skill": "task", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Emotional praise is not the supported function.", "primary_trap_id": 5, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The wall is not structural support.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The design is intended for changing layouts.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Create the most beautiful exhibition in the world.", "B": "Support the roof of a building.", "C": "Change layouts while reusing wall sections.", "D": "Keep every exhibition unchanged forever." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 5, 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S16-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give TWO different answers from paragraph 1.", "stem": "Give TWO ways staff can use the sections.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P1", "target": "E-S16-P1", "required_answers": 2, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P1", "quote": "join several sections to divide a room or use a single section to display photographs" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "Join them to divide a room.", "Use one to display photographs." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Make room divisions.", "Display photographs on a section." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "Join them to divide a room.", "Use one to display photographs." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": true, "reject": "Require dividing space and displaying photographs, not two forms of joining.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 2 }, { "id": "E-S16-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What must staff do first? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P2", "target": "E-S16-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P2", "quote": "first remove displayed objects and check that no visitors are near the work area" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Visitors should not be near the work area.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "That example is in paragraph III.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The first stage is reversed.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Carry panels while visitors stand beside the work.", "B": "Remove displays and check the work area.", "C": "Replace scratched panels from the first exhibition.", "D": "Store the feet before removing any display." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 12, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "task", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S16-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 2.", "stem": "Why are connections checked?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P2", "target": "E-S16-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P2", "quote": "a damaged connection can make a section unstable" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "A damaged connection can make the wall unstable." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "To ensure sections can be assembled safely again." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "A damaged connection can make the wall unstable." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject checking which photographs visitors prefer.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "cause" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S16-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 3.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. When the scratched panel was replaced, the centre still kept _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P3", "target": "E-S16-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P3", "quote": "its frame and feet were kept" } ], "primary_skill": "completion", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "every original part", "explanation_en": "Grammar fits but the damaged panel was replaced.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "its frame and feet" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "the frame and the feet of that section" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "its frame and feet" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Require both retained components. Reject keeping the scratched panel.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S16-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which statement is supported by paragraph IV?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P4", "target": "E-S16-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P4", "quote": "needs dry storage space" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Replacement remains necessary at times.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "It is being considered.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Less room is not no room.", "primary_trap_id": 8, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Every part will last forever.", "B": "A second hall has already adopted the design.", "C": "Separation removes the need for any storage.", "D": "The separated sections still need suitable storage." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 8, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S16-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which statement best summarizes the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P1", "quote": "used again" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P3", "quote": "Some parts still need replacing." }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S16-P4", "quote": "checks, storage and occasional replacement" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "This changes a limited benefit into an absolute.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The design enables different arrangements.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "One example is too narrow.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Reusable means never replacing any material", "B": "Every exhibition should have the same layout", "C": "A scratched panel is the only subject", "D": "A wall design allows repeated use while retaining checks and some replacement costs." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S17", "level": "E", "order": 17, "title": "The Postcard Audio Project", "text_type": "fictional intergenerational feature", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S17-P1", "number": 1, "text": "A postcard can show a place without explaining what it meant to the person who sent it. In the fictional town of Lakeford, a youth group is recording short stories about old postcards. Residents bring a card and speak about the journey or memory connected with it. The group photographs the card and links the picture to the recording. Coordinator Neta wants visitors to hear individual voices as well as see images. The project is not trying to create a complete history of every place shown. A card may recall a family visit even when it shows an ordinary street." }, { "id": "E-S17-P2", "number": 2, "text": "Before recording, volunteers ask the owner which parts of the story may be shared. Someone may describe a journey but choose to leave out a relative's name. The volunteers respect that choice and let the speaker listen to the recording before it is made public. They may remove a long silence if the speaker agrees, but they do not add sentences the person never said. The recording is meant to preserve that person's account. A polished story written by somebody else would serve a different purpose, even if it sounded more dramatic or complete." }, { "id": "E-S17-P3", "number": 3, "text": "One resident, Dov, brought a card showing a railway station. He remembered waiting there for his brother during a visit many years earlier. His memory made the card important to him, but it did not establish the exact date on which the station was built. The group placed his spoken memory beside the picture without turning it into a verified statement about the building. Neta added a short label saying that the recording was a personal recollection. Visitors could therefore understand both what they were hearing and the limits of what it could tell them." }, { "id": "E-S17-P4", "number": 4, "text": "The first collection will be available in a small exhibition at the community centre. Visitors can listen through headphones, while written versions will be provided for people who prefer reading. Not every postcard owner wants to be recorded, and those people may offer a written account instead. Neta hopes more residents will contribute later, but she has not promised a recording for every card. The collection brings images and personal accounts together while leaving speakers control over what they share. Its value lies partly in keeping the differences between those voices, rather than making all memories sound the same." } ], "word_count": 388, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S17-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "What does the group link to a photograph of the postcard?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P1", "target": "E-S17-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P1", "quote": "links the picture to the recording" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "The recording of its owner's story." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "A recorded account connected with the card." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "The recording of its owner's story." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject a complete historical report on every location.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S17-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why does Neta want recordings? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P1", "target": "E-S17-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P1", "quote": "hear individual voices as well as see images" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "This outside claim is not the stated purpose.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The project does not claim comprehensive history.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "This answers a different task.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "So visitors can hear individual accounts as well as view pictures.", "B": "To prove that travel always improves memory.", "C": "To establish every place's complete history.", "D": "To show how to design new postcards." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 7, 10 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S17-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does \"that choice\" refer to in paragraph II?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P2", "target": "E-S17-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P2", "quote": "choose to leave out a relative's name. The volunteers respect that choice" } ], "primary_skill": "reference", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "The choice concerns what the speaker withholds.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "Speakers listen before publication.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The referent is not picture selection.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Adding sentences the person never said.", "B": "Making every recording public immediately.", "C": "Leaving out a relative's name.", "D": "Selecting the most dramatic postcard picture." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 9 ], "training_families_present": [ "reference" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S17-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 2.", "stem": "When may a long silence be removed?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P2", "target": "E-S17-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P2", "quote": "if the speaker agrees" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "If the speaker agrees." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "With the speaker's agreement." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "If the speaker agrees." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject whenever a volunteer prefers it or before asking.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "precision" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S17-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does Dov's memory explain? (Paragraph III)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P3", "target": "E-S17-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P3", "quote": "His memory made the card important to him" } ], "primary_skill": "evidence", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "His recollection does not establish that fact.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "That appears in paragraph IV.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "Individual meaning is not universal.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Why the card matters to him.", "B": "The exact year the station was built.", "C": "The location of the forthcoming exhibition.", "D": "Why everyone treasures station postcards." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 2, 7, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S17-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 4.", "stem": "Give ONE alternative for people who do not want to be recorded.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P4", "target": "E-S17-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P4", "quote": "offer a written account instead" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "They can offer a written account." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Contribute their story in writing." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "They can offer a written account." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject being required to make an audio recording.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S17-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which title best fits the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P1", "quote": "recording short stories about old postcards" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P2", "quote": "preserve that person's account" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S17-P4", "quote": "control over what they share" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "Equipment is a detail, not the purpose.", "primary_trap_id": 3, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The project preserves differences.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "A personal recollection is not a complete verified history.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Postcards and the Voices Behind Them", "B": "How to Buy Headphones", "C": "Why All Memories Are Identical", "D": "The Verified History of Every Railway Station" }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 3, 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S18", "level": "E", "order": 18, "title": "A Volunteer Translation Desk", "text_type": "fictional service-boundaries explanation", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S18-P1", "number": 1, "text": "A letter in an unfamiliar language can make an ordinary appointment difficult to arrange. At the fictional Harbour Centre, volunteers offer short translation sessions to help residents understand everyday notices. The desk opens on two afternoons a week. A resident can bring a school letter, an activity notice or simple instructions and discuss the main information with a volunteer. Coordinator Ron calls it a help desk, not an official document service. The volunteers do not provide certified translations. Those are translations checked and formally approved for uses that require an official version, and residents must seek a qualified service for them." }, { "id": "E-S18-P2", "number": 2, "text": "At the beginning of a session, a volunteer asks what the resident needs to find out. Someone arranging an appointment may mainly need the date, place and action required. The volunteer reads the whole short notice before explaining those details, so that an important condition is not missed. They may write a simple summary, but they do not change the original notice. If a sentence is unclear even after reading it in context, they tell the resident which part needs clarification from the sender. Guessing would risk giving the person information that the notice does not actually establish." }, { "id": "E-S18-P3", "number": 3, "text": "The desk works with the languages its available volunteers can read. It does not promise help in every language at every session. When no suitable volunteer is present, Ron can give the resident contact information for another service. This is a referral, not a translation of the letter. The centre has also placed a sign at the desk explaining that volunteers cannot decide whether someone is legally entitled to a benefit. Understanding the words of a notice and judging a legal right are different tasks. A resident may need separate professional advice even after the wording has become clear." }, { "id": "E-S18-P4", "number": 4, "text": "Ron plans to collect general comments about whether the opening hours are convenient. He will not keep copies of the letters residents bring or publish their personal details. The centre is considering one additional afternoon, but only if enough volunteers are available. Some residents have suggested an online service; Ron has not decided to offer one. He wants a clear, limited source of help with everyday information. Its usefulness depends partly on saying when another service is needed, rather than giving an answer to every question a visitor asks." } ], "word_count": 387, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S18-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What kind of help does the desk offer? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P1", "target": "E-S18-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P1", "quote": "understand everyday notices" } ], "primary_skill": "task", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Legal judgment is outside this service.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The promise is not universal.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The desk explicitly excludes certification.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "A final legal decision about any benefit.", "B": "Help with the meaning of everyday notices.", "C": "A guaranteed answer in every language.", "D": "Certified official translations of all documents." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 10 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S18-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "Give ONE kind of notice a resident may bring.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P1", "target": "E-S18-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P1", "quote": "a school letter, an activity notice or simple instructions" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "A letter from school." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "A letter from school.", "A notice about an activity.", "Simple instructions." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "A letter from school." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Accept one listed kind; reject a claim that any legal document is certified here.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true, "acceptable_meaning_groups": [ [ "A letter from school.", "A notice about an activity.", "Simple instructions." ] ], "select_any_distinct_groups": 1, "required_meanings_are_sample_key": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S18-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 2.", "stem": "Why does a volunteer read the whole short notice first?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P2", "target": "E-S18-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P2", "quote": "so that an important condition is not missed" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "To avoid missing an important condition." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "To understand the details in context." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "To avoid missing an important condition." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject to rewrite the original notice.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "cause" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S18-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What should a volunteer do when a sentence remains unclear? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P2", "target": "E-S18-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P2", "quote": "tell the resident which part needs clarification from the sender" } ], "primary_skill": "evidence", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "Opening-hours proposals are in paragraph IV.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "A likely guess lacks textual certainty.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "Volunteers do not alter the original.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Identify what needs clarification from the sender.", "B": "Extend the opening hours.", "C": "Guess the most likely meaning.", "D": "Change the original notice to make it definite." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 2, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S18-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 3.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. A referral provides _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P3", "target": "E-S18-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P3", "quote": "contact information for another service" } ], "primary_skill": "completion", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "an officially approved translation", "explanation_en": "This fits grammatically but confuses two different services.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "contact information for another service" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "details of a service that may help" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "contact information for another service" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject the translation itself or an official legal ruling.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S18-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Under what condition might another afternoon be added? (Paragraph IV)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P4", "target": "E-S18-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P4", "quote": "only if enough volunteers are available" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "Letters are not kept and this is not the condition.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "It is under consideration.", "primary_trap_id": 13, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "No universal preference is stated.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "If enough volunteers are available.", "B": "As soon as every letter has been copied.", "C": "It has already been added this week.", "D": "Because all residents prefer online help." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 13 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S18-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What is the main idea of the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P1", "quote": "help desk, not an official document service" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P3", "quote": "different tasks" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S18-P4", "quote": "saying when another service is needed" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "The schedule is one element of a wider service.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "The text directs some needs to other services.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The desk may require clarification.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Two afternoons are the only important detail", "B": "A volunteer desk helps with everyday notices while making its limits clear.", "C": "Volunteers replace every qualified professional", "D": "Every unclear sentence has an obvious answer" }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S19", "level": "E", "order": 19, "title": "A Bike Parking Experiment", "text_type": "fictional limited-trial report", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S19-P1", "number": 1, "text": "Counting parked bicycles can answer one question without answering every question about travel. At the fictional Valley School, a student team counted bikes beside the main gate for one week. It repeated the count after new covered parking spaces were added. There were more bicycles during the second week. The team wanted to find out whether the new parking seemed useful, but teacher Gil asked students to consider what else had changed. A larger number of parked bikes did not, by itself, explain why each rider had chosen to cycle." }, { "id": "E-S19-P2", "number": 2, "text": "The students had used the same counting time each day, just after morning lessons began. This made the two weeks easier to compare. However, the weather was dry in the second week and rainy on several days in the first. A sports event also brought visitors to the school during the second count. The team had not recorded which bikes belonged to those visitors. These differences meant that the two weeks were not identical in every important way. Gil did not ask students to throw away their counts; he asked them to describe those limits beside the figures." }, { "id": "E-S19-P3", "number": 3, "text": "Students also watched how the parking was used. Most riders placed their bikes under the new roof, but a few continued using the older spaces near the entrance. One pupil explained that the older spaces were closer to his classroom. Another said she preferred the covered spaces because they kept her seat dry. These comments showed different reasons for choosing a space. They did not prove how many pupils would cycle during winter, or whether cycling had replaced a car journey. The team reported the comments as examples, rather than treating two people's reasons as the reasons of every rider." }, { "id": "E-S19-P4", "number": 4, "text": "The school will keep the new spaces and arrange another count later in the year. The next count will record whether a special event is taking place. Gil hopes the team will learn to separate an observation from an explanation. It can report that more bikes were counted in one week and that many riders used the roof. It cannot yet claim that the roof alone caused the increase. The experiment offers useful information about parking choices, together with questions that a later check may help answer." } ], "word_count": 375, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S19-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 1.", "stem": "What changed between the first and second counts?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P1", "target": "E-S19-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P1", "quote": "new covered parking spaces were added" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "Covered bike parking spaces were added." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "The school added parking under a roof." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "Covered bike parking spaces were added." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject all pupils received new bicycles.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S19-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What did the team observe? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P1", "target": "E-S19-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P1", "quote": "There were more bicycles during the second week." } ], "primary_skill": "evidence", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "The count lacks information on each person's reason.", "primary_trap_id": 2, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Later observations include a few old-space users.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "World knowledge does not state this observed count.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "More bicycles were counted in the second week.", "B": "Every rider cycled because of the roof.", "C": "Nobody used the old parking spaces.", "D": "Cycling is always the healthiest way to travel." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 2, 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S19-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why did the students count at the same time each day? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P2", "target": "E-S19-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P2", "quote": "made the two weeks easier to compare" } ], "primary_skill": "cause", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Visitor-bike ownership was not recorded.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "A counting choice does not cause the weather.", "primary_trap_id": 4, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "This is a different task.", "primary_trap_id": 10, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "To prove that visitors owned no bikes.", "B": "The equal counting time made both weeks have dry weather.", "C": "To make the counts easier to compare.", "D": "To decide which classroom each pupil preferred." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 4, 10 ], "training_families_present": [ "cause", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S19-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give TWO different answers from paragraph 2.", "stem": "Give TWO differences between the weeks apart from the new parking.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P2", "target": "E-S19-P2", "required_answers": 2, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P2", "quote": "the weather was dry in the second week and rainy on several days in the first. A sports event also brought visitors" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "Different weather.", "A sports event brought visitors in the second week." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Rain versus dry weather.", "Extra visitors because of a sports event." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "Different weather.", "A sports event brought visitors in the second week." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": true, "reject": "Require weather and event/visitors. Rain and dry weather are one contrast, not two separate meanings.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 2 }, { "id": "E-S19-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Why did one pupil use the older spaces? (Paragraph III)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P3", "target": "E-S19-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P3", "quote": "closer to his classroom" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "B": { "explanation_en": "No absolute availability claim is made.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "This is paragraph IV planning, not his reason.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "That is the other pupil's reason for covered spaces.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "They were closer to his classroom.", "B": "They were always the only spaces available.", "C": "A later count would record special events.", "D": "They kept his seat dry under the new roof." }, "correct_options": [ "A" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S19-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 4.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. The team cannot yet say that the increase was caused only by _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P4", "target": "E-S19-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P4", "quote": "cannot yet claim that the roof alone caused the increase" } ], "primary_skill": "completion", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "the new roof having no value", "explanation_en": "A grammatical completion changes lack of causal proof into proof of no benefit.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "the new roof" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "the covered parking spaces" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "the new roof" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject the team has proved the roof had no effect.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S19-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which statement best summarizes the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P1", "quote": "did not, by itself, explain why" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P2", "quote": "describe those limits" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S19-P4", "quote": "separate an observation from an explanation" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "That example is narrower than the whole report.", "primary_trap_id": 11, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "The trial does not isolate the cause or establish universality.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Counts remain useful when their limits are reported.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Two pupils choose different parking spaces", "B": "A roof has been proved to make every pupil cycle", "C": "Students learn that all counting is useless", "D": "A bike-parking count provides useful observations but leaves the cause of an increase uncertain." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 7, 11 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } }, { "id": "E-S20", "level": "E", "order": 20, "title": "An Offline School Guide", "text_type": "fictional access and updating feature", "content_origin": "Original fictional practice scenario; all people, projects and results in this text are invented for reading practice. Not a factual research report.", "paragraphs": [ { "id": "E-S20-P1", "number": 1, "text": "A school guide on a phone is less useful if it needs an internet connection just when a visitor cannot get one. At the fictional Maple School, students have prepared a guide that can be saved and opened offline. It contains a building map, room numbers and short descriptions of school activities. Visitors download it before arriving or collect it using the school's connection at reception. Student editor Ella wants basic information to remain available while people move around the building. The guide does not require a personal account, and printed copies of the main map remain at the desk." }, { "id": "E-S20-P2", "number": 2, "text": "An offline copy has a particular advantage: it opens without receiving new information from the internet. The same feature creates a limit. A saved copy does not automatically show a room change made after it was downloaded. The students have therefore put a version date on the first page. Visitors can compare it with the current date shown at reception. If the versions differ, staff can help them save the newer guide or provide the updated information on paper. The date identifies the guide's version, rather than the date of a visitor's appointment." }, { "id": "E-S20-P3", "number": 3, "text": "Ella's team has divided the guide into stable information and details likely to change. The location of a staircase is in the first group. The room for a temporary club meeting is in the second. The guide marks changing details clearly and tells visitors to confirm them at reception. This advice does not mean that the entire map is unreliable. It means that a saved file may contain information that was accurate when prepared but needs checking later. The team checks all sections when publishing a new version, not only the page whose wording has changed." }, { "id": "E-S20-P4", "number": 4, "text": "The school will use the guide at its next open evening. Ella has asked staff to note general questions visitors find difficult, so the team can improve later versions. The school has not promised to remove its reception desk or printed signs. Some visitors prefer asking a person, while others want a map they can carry. A guide that works offline adds another route to information. To remain useful, it needs clear dates, a way to obtain changes and alternatives for visitors who do not wish to use a phone." } ], "word_count": 379, "questions": [ { "id": "E-S20-Q01", "number": 1, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What is the purpose of the offline guide? (Paragraph I)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P1", "target": "E-S20-P1", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P1", "quote": "basic information to remain available while people move around the building" } ], "primary_skill": "task", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "The service supplements existing help.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "No personal account is required.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "That outside general comparison is not established.", "primary_trap_id": 1, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "To replace every member of school staff.", "B": "To collect every visitor's personal account.", "C": "To keep basic information accessible without a connection.", "D": "To make phones always faster than printed maps." }, "correct_options": [ "C" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 1, 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "evidence", "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S20-Q02", "number": 2, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give TWO different answers from paragraph 1.", "stem": "Give TWO kinds of information contained in the guide.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P1", "target": "E-S20-P1", "required_answers": 2, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P1", "quote": "a building map, room numbers and short descriptions of school activities" } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 1 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "A building map.", "Room numbers." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "The layout of the building.", "Room numbers.", "Descriptions of activities." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "A building map.", "Room numbers." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": true, "reject": "Accept any two distinct listed kinds; map and layout are the same kind.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true, "acceptable_meaning_groups": [ [ "A building map.", "The building layout." ], [ "Room numbers." ], [ "Short descriptions of school activities.", "Activity descriptions." ] ], "select_any_distinct_groups": 2, "required_meanings_are_sample_key": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 2 }, { "id": "E-S20-Q03", "number": 3, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What does the version date identify? (Paragraph II)", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P2", "target": "E-S20-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P2", "quote": "The date identifies the guide's version" } ], "primary_skill": "reference", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "The text explicitly distinguishes this.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "This is not the date's referent.", "primary_trap_id": 9, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "A saved copy does not update automatically.", "primary_trap_id": 6, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "The date of the visitor's appointment.", "B": "The date the staircase was built.", "C": "Every new room change automatically.", "D": "The version of the saved guide." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 6, 9 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "reference" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S20-Q04", "number": 4, "type": "sentence_completion", "instruction": "Complete the sentence using paragraph 2.", "stem": "COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. A saved guide may miss a room change if the change happened _____.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P2", "target": "E-S20-P2", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P2", "quote": "a room change made after it was downloaded" } ], "primary_skill": "time", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 2 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [ { "example_wrong_response": "before the current version was prepared", "explanation_en": "This is grammatical but reverses the relevant time relation: the risk is a change after download.", "trap_id": 15, "classification": "anticipated_open_response_error" } ], "answer_key": [ "after the guide was downloaded" ], "acceptable_variants": [ "after the visitor saved that version" ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "after the guide was downloaded" ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject before the guide was checked, as a necessary cause.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 15 ], "training_families_present": [ "completion", "time" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S20-Q05", "number": 5, "type": "short_answer", "instruction": "Give ONE answer from paragraph 3.", "stem": "Give ONE example of stable information from paragraph III.", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P3", "target": "E-S20-P3", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P3", "quote": "The location of a staircase is in the first group." } ], "primary_skill": "detail", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 3 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": {}, "response_error_patterns": [], "answer_key": [ "The location of a staircase." ], "acceptable_variants": [ "Where the staircase is." ], "rubric": { "required_meanings": [ "The location of a staircase." ], "accept_equivalent_phrasing": true, "minor_language_errors_accepted_if_meaning_clear": true, "distinct_meanings_required": false, "reject": "Reject temporary club-meeting room or open-evening questions.", "review_uncertain_semantic_match": true }, "taxonomy_trap_ids": [], "training_families_present": [ "evidence" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S20-Q06", "number": 6, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "What will remain available according to paragraph IV?", "scope": "paragraph", "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P4", "target": "E-S20-P4", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P4", "quote": "has not promised to remove its reception desk or printed signs" } ], "primary_skill": "precision", "hint_en": "Check paragraph 4 and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "Alternatives remain.", "primary_trap_id": 6, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "This is paragraph II information, not the alternative asked about.", "primary_trap_id": 12, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "D": { "explanation_en": "The guide needs a way to obtain changes.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "Only the phone guide.", "B": "Reception help and printed signs.", "C": "The version date on the first page.", "D": "Automatic updates in every offline file." }, "correct_options": [ "B" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 6, 7, 12 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 }, { "id": "E-S20-Q07", "number": 7, "type": "multiple_choice", "instruction": "Circle ONE correct answer.", "stem": "Which statement best summarizes the whole text?", "scope": "whole_text", "paragraph_id": null, "target": "whole_text", "required_answers": 1, "evidence": [ { "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P1", "quote": "saved and opened offline" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P2", "quote": "version date" }, { "paragraph_id": "E-S20-P4", "quote": "alternatives for visitors" } ], "primary_skill": "main_idea", "hint_en": "Check the whole text and the exact number of answers required.", "observed_student_errors": [], "distractors": { "A": { "explanation_en": "The text explains the opposite risk.", "primary_trap_id": 7, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "B": { "explanation_en": "It is an example of stable information.", "primary_trap_id": 3, "classification": "displayed_distractor" }, "C": { "explanation_en": "Asking a person remains an option.", "primary_trap_id": null, "classification": "displayed_distractor" } }, "response_error_patterns": [], "options": { "A": "A saved file can never become outdated", "B": "One staircase is the main subject", "C": "A school no longer needs reception staff", "D": "An offline guide improves access when its limits, updates and alternatives are clear." }, "correct_options": [ "D" ], "taxonomy_trap_ids": [ 3, 7 ], "training_families_present": [ "precision", "task" ], "scoring_units": 1 } ], "review": { "editorial_status": "reviewed_draft", "empirically_calibrated": false, "ministry_approved": false, "human_approved": false } } ], "taxonomy": { "version": "Simon-20261012", "source": "Exact 16 names supplied by Simon in the conversation, grouped A–D. Not claimed as a Ministry official taxonomy.", "traps": [ { "id": 1, "group": "A", "name_en": "World Knowledge", "name_he": "ידע עולם", "definition_en": "A plausible real-world claim is not supported by this text." }, { "id": 2, "group": "A", "name_en": "Logical Guess", "name_he": "ניחוש הגיוני ללא הנחת יסוד", "definition_en": "An inference sounds reasonable but requires a missing premise." }, { "id": 3, "group": "A", "name_en": "Topic vs. Detail", "name_he": "נושא לעומת פרט", "definition_en": "An option names the subject instead of answering the requested detail, or vice versa." }, { "id": 4, "group": "A", "name_en": "Cause–Effect Confusion", "name_he": "בלבול סיבה ותוצאה", "definition_en": "An option reverses cause/result or mistakes a sequence for a cause." }, { "id": 5, "group": "B", "name_en": "Attractive/Emotional Word", "name_he": "מילה מושכת או רגשית", "definition_en": "Appealing wording draws attention away from textual support." }, { "id": 6, "group": "B", "name_en": "Small-Word Precision", "name_he": "דיוק במילה קטנה", "definition_en": "An option alters a qualifier such as some, still, only, before, or may." }, { "id": 7, "group": "B", "name_en": "Absolute Language", "name_he": "לשון מוחלטת", "definition_en": "An option turns a qualified claim into an unsupported universal claim." }, { "id": 8, "group": "B", "name_en": "Synonym Distortion", "name_he": "עיוות בניסוח קרוב", "definition_en": "A near-synonym changes the strength, scope, or meaning of the original." }, { "id": 9, "group": "B", "name_en": "Reference Ambiguity", "name_he": "אזכור שגוי", "definition_en": "An option assigns a pronoun or referring phrase to the wrong referent." }, { "id": 10, "group": "C", "name_en": "Wrong Question (explain/suggest/show)", "name_he": "מענה למשימה אחרת", "definition_en": "An option answers a different task from the question asked." }, { "id": 11, "group": "C", "name_en": "Scope", "name_he": "היקף התשובה", "definition_en": "An option is too broad or narrow for the specified text or paragraph." }, { "id": 12, "group": "C", "name_en": "Line/Reference", "name_he": "מידע מחוץ למיקום שנשאל", "definition_en": "An option uses information outside the location the question specifies." }, { "id": 13, "group": "C", "name_en": "Time Reference", "name_he": "זמן וסדר", "definition_en": "An option confuses past, present, future, or the order of events." }, { "id": 14, "group": "D", "name_en": "Completion ≠ Interpretation", "name_he": "השלמה אינה פרשנות", "definition_en": "A plausible sentence completion is not what the text establishes." }, { "id": 15, "group": "D", "name_en": "Grammar-Driven", "name_he": "התאמה דקדוקית ללא התאמת משמעות", "definition_en": "Surface grammatical fit tempts the learner to ignore a semantic mismatch." }, { "id": 16, "group": "D", "name_en": "Negative Question (NOT/EXCEPT)", "name_he": "שאלה בשלילה", "definition_en": "An option is true but the question asks for the unsupported exception." } ] }, "training_families": { "evidence": { "name_he": "ביסוס תשובה בטקסט", "trap_ids": [ 1, 2, 5 ], "routine_he": "איזה משפט בטקסט תומך בטענה, בלי ידע חיצוני, הנחה חסרה או רושם רגשי?" }, "task": { "name_he": "קריאת השאלה וגבולותיה", "trap_ids": [ 3, 10, 11, 12, 16 ], "routine_he": "מה נדרש, מאיזו פסקה, באיזה היקף, והאם מבקשים דווקא חריג?" }, "precision": { "name_he": "דיוק בניסוח ובחוזק הטענה", "trap_ids": [ 6, 7, 8 ], "routine_he": "האם הניסוח שומר על some/only/may ועל משמעות ועוצמת המילים?" }, "cause": { "name_he": "סיבה ותוצאה", "trap_ids": [ 4 ], "routine_he": "מה גרם למה? סדר אירועים לבדו אינו מוכיח סיבה." }, "reference": { "name_he": "זיהוי אזכורים", "trap_ids": [ 9 ], "routine_he": "למי או למה מתייחסת המילה המסומנת?" }, "time": { "name_he": "זמן וסדר", "trap_ids": [ 13 ], "routine_he": "מתי הדבר נכון: קודם, עכשיו או אחר כך?" }, "completion": { "name_he": "השלמת משפט לפי משמעות", "trap_ids": [ 14, 15 ], "routine_he": "האם ההשלמה גם משתלבת במשפט וגם אומרת בדיוק מה שהטקסט קובע?" } }, "learner_pillars": { "source": "Four-pillar teaching organization supplied by Simon in a pptx code sample. No PISA-specific endorsement asserted.", "pillars": { "1": { "name_en": "Evidence Bound", "name_he": "ביסוס בטקסט", "trap_ids": [ 1, 2 ] }, "2": { "name_en": "Semantic Precision & Scope", "name_he": "דיוק במשמעות ובהיקף", "trap_ids": [ 3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12 ] }, "3": { "name_en": "Logical Direction & Dynamics", "name_he": "קשרים וכיוון לוגי", "trap_ids": [ 4, 9, 13 ] }, "4": { "name_en": "Task & Surface Control", "name_he": "בקרת המשימה והסחות", "trap_ids": [ 5, 10, 14, 15, 16 ] } }, "teacher_routines": 7, "audit_subtypes": 16, "rule": "Show only the pillar and short check relevant to the actual error. Four learner headings; seven teacher routines; sixteen audit subtypes are alternative views of the same skills, not three sets of extra exercises." }, "bot_rules": { "fixed_items_only": true, "generate_during_chat": false, "test4": false, "automatic_level_change": false, "writing_or_separate_vocabulary_included": false } }